Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33391459›Full record

ReviewTheranostics2021

Small molecule-based treatment approaches for intervertebral disc degeneration: Current options and future directions.

Amir Kamali, Reihane Ziadlou, Gernot Lang, Judith Pfannkuche, Shangbin Cui, Zhen Li, R Geoff Richards, Mauro Alini, Sibylle Grad

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Theranostics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 166 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
166citing papers in PubMed
16.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

166 citing papers in PubMed, 259 citations in OpenAlex.

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106 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Amir KamaliAO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
Reihane ZiadlouAO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
Gernot LangDepartment of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Judith PfannkucheAO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
Shangbin CuiAO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
Zhen LiAO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
R Geoff RichardsAO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
Mauro AliniAO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
Sibylle GradAO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
AO Foundation · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Low back pain (LBP) is a major reason for disability, and symptomatic intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) contributes to roughly 40% of all LBP cases. Current treatment modalities for IDD include conservative and surgical strategies. Unfortunately, there is a significant number of patients in which conventional therapies fail with the result that these patients remain suffering from chronic pain and disability. Furthermore, none of the current therapies successfully address the underlying biological problem - the symptomatic degenerated disc. Both spinal fusion as well as total disc replacement devices reduce spinal motion and are associated with adjacent segment disease. Thus, there is an unmet need for novel and stage-adjusted therapies to combat IDD. Several new treatment options aiming to regenerate the IVD are currently under investigation. The most common approaches include tissue engineering, growth factor therapy, gene therapy, and cell-based treatments according to the stage of degeneration. Recently, the regenerative activity of small molecules (low molecular weight organic compounds with less than 900 daltons) on IDD was demonstrated. However, small molecule-based therapy in IDD is still in its infancy due to limited knowledge about the mechanisms that control different cell signaling pathways of IVD homeostasis. Small molecules can act as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and anabolic agents, which can prevent further degeneration of disc cells and enhance their regeneration. This review pursues to give a comprehensive overview of small molecules, focusing on low molecular weight organic compounds, and their potential utilization in patients with IDD based on recent

Indexed as

AnimalsApoptosisHumansInflammationIntervertebral DiscIntervertebral Disc DegenerationOxidative StressRegenerationdegenerationdiscogenic paininflammationintervertebral discsmall molecules

Identifiers

PMID33391459
PMCPMC7681102
OpenAlexW3092200253

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.