SynthesisNeuroImage. Clinical2020
A systematic review of fMRI neurofeedback reporting and effects in clinical populations.
Synthesis in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy of Neuro-Feedback Training for PTSD Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Frontostriatal circuitry as a target for fMRI-based neurofeedback interventions: A systematic review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- The efficacy of real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback for psychiatric illness: A meta-analysis of brain and behavioral outcomes.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Posterior cingulate cortex downregulation training using fMRI neurofeedback in adolescents with early life adversity exposure: a randomized, single-blind trial.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Targeting the superior temporal gyrus with real-time fMRI neurofeedback: A pilot study of the indirect effects on self-referential processes in schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2024Trial
- Amygdala real-time fMRI neurofeedback upregulation in treatment resistant depression: Proof of concept and dose determination.Behaviour research and therapy · 2024Trial
- Feasibility of training the dorsolateral prefrontal-striatal network by real-time fMRI neurofeedback.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- The Impact of Visual Feedback Design on Self-Regulation Performance and Learning in a Single-Session rt-fMRI Neurofeedback Study at 3T and 7T.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Basal ganglia as an fMRI motor neurofeedback target in Parkinson's disease.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2025Article
- Article
- Study protocol for a multi-session randomized sham-controlled trial of PCC- and amygdala-targeted neurofeedback for the treatment of PTSD.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Real-time fMRI neurofeedback boosts heartbeat perception by modulating insula activation pattern during interoceptive attention.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Evaluating the effects of multimodal EEG-fNIRS neurofeedback for motor imagery: An experimental platform and study protocol.PloS one · 2025Article
- Online self-evaluation of fMRI-based neurofeedback performance.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
- From lab to life: challenges and perspectives of fNIRS for haemodynamic-based neurofeedback in real-world environments.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
- Neurorights in the Constitution: from neurotechnology to ethics and politics.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
- Translation of monosynaptic circuits underlying amygdala fMRI neurofeedback training.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Validation of real-time fMRI neurofeedback procedure for cognitive training using counterbalanced active-sham study design.NeuroImage · 2024Article
- Enhanced attention-related alertness following right anterior insular cortex neurofeedback training.iScience · 2024Article
- Exploring protocol development: Implementing systematic contextual memory to enhance real-time fMRI neurofeedback.Journal of electrical bioimpedance · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Real-time fMRI-based neurofeedback is a relatively young field with a potential to impact the currently available treatments of various disorders. In order to evaluate the evidence of clinical benefits and investigate how consistently studies report their methods and results, an exhaustive search of fMRI neurofeedback studies in clinical populations was performed. Reporting was evaluated using a limited number of Consensus on the reporting and experimental design of clinical and cognitive-behavioral neurofeedback studies (CRED-NF checklist) items, which was, together with a statistical power and sensitivity calculation, used to also evaluate the existing evidence of the neurofeedback benefits on clinical measures. The 62 found studies investigated regulation abilities and/or clinical benefits in a wide range of disorders, but with small sample sizes and were therefore unable to detect small effects. Most points from the CRED-NF checklist were adequately reported by the majority of the studies, but some improvements are suggested for the reporting of group comparisons and relations between regulation success and clinical benefits. To establish fMRI neurofeedback as a clinical tool, more emphasis should be placed in the future on using larger sample sizes determined through a priori power calculations and standardization of procedures and reporting.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.