ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension2021
Associations Between Social Determinants and Hypertension, Stage 2 Hypertension, and Controlled Blood Pressure Among Men and Women in the United States.
Article in American journal of hypertension, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Consideration of inequalities in effectiveness trials of mHealth applications - a systematic assessment of studies from an umbrella review.International journal for equity in health · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Hypertension Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Pooled it
- Treatment Intensity, Prescribing Patterns, and Blood Pressure Control in Rural Black Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Trial
- Rural-Urban Differences in Hypertension Prevalence and Control in a Large Regional Health System Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Blood pressure trends and disparities across the COVID-19 pandemic in a large diverse urban population.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- Community Clinic Blood Pressure and BMI Control in Black Americans with Hypertension: A Retrospective Chart Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Article
- Bridging evidence and practice: multi-method evaluation of implementation fidelity of a multilevel hypertension intervention in a federally qualified health center.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Residential inequalities in hypertension medication use: a multivariate non-linear decomposition analysis.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- A QI Approach to Lower Hypertension and Elevate Care in an Internal Medicine Residency Community Clinic.JACC. Case reports · 2025Article
- The association of area deprivation index and blood pressure control and therapeutic inertia among older adults with hypertension.Journal of human hypertension · 2025Article
- Quantifying the Associations Between Social Determinants of Health and Blood Pressure 1-3 Years Following Pregnancy in Black Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Treated but Uncontrolled: Characterizing Hypertension in a Sample of 357 Older Adults in the Southeastern United States.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Trends of paediatric hypertension screening and management in primary care before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A retrospective cohort study.Paediatrics & child health · 2025Article
- Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Review
- Closing Hypertension Equity Gaps Through Digitally Inclusive Remote Patient Monitoring.NEJM catalyst innovations in care delivery · 2025Article
- The effect of yoga on hypertensive women's blood pressure and sexual life: A randomized controlled trial.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Self-Care Behaviors and Associated Factors among Patients with Hypertension in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of patient experience · 2025Article
- Reducing Racial Disparities in Hypertension Control Using a Multicomponent, Equity-Centered Approach.Health equity · 2025Article
- Diminished Returns of Educational Attainment on Hypertension Prevalence among American Indian and Alaska Native Adults: National Health Interview Survey 2023.Global journal of cardiovascular diseases · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSocial determinants influence the development and control of hypertension.
methodsNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018) data for adults aged ≥18 included education, income, employment, race/ethnicity, healthcare access, marital status, and nativity status. Outcomes were hypertension (blood pressure [BP] ≥130/80 mm Hg or self-reported hypertension medication use), stage 2 hypertension (BP ≥140/90 mm Hg), and controlled BP (BP <130/80 mm Hg among those with hypertension). Poisson regression with robust variance estimates was used to examine associations between social determinants and outcomes, by sex.
resultsThe analysis included 21,664 adults (mean age 47.1 years), of whom 51% were women. After adjustment, hypertension and stage 2 hypertension prevalence remained higher among Black and Asian than White adults, regardless of sex. Blacks had lower prevalence of controlled BP than Whites. Compared with college graduates, men and women with less education had a higher prevalence of hypertension and stage 2 hypertension. Men (prevalence ratio [PR]: 0.28, 95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.49) and women (PR: 0.44, 0.24-0.78) with no routine place for healthcare had lower prevalence of controlled BP than those who had a routine place for healthcare. Uninsured men (PR: 0.66, 0.44-0.99) and women (PR: 0.67, 0.51-0.88) had lower prevalence of controlled BP than those insured. Unemployed or unmarried women were more likely to have controlled BP than employed or married women.
conclusionsSocial determinants were independently associated with hypertension outcomes in US adults. Policy interventions are urgently needed to address healthcare access and education, and eliminate racial disparities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.