Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33446526›Full record

ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2021

Aberrant type 1 immunity drives susceptibility to mucosal fungal infections.

Timothy J Break, Vasileios Oikonomou, Nicolas Dutzan, Jigar V Desai, Marc Swidergall, Tilo Freiwald, Daniel Chauss, Oliver J Harrison, Julie Alejo, Drake W Williams and 33 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 110 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
110citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

110 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Oral lichenoid lesions in CTLA-4 haploinsufficiency: Targeting IFN-γ-driven mucosal immunopathology.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Phagosome maturation during fungal infection.Current opinion in microbiology · 2026
    Review
  14. Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2026
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Taming Candida with IL-17.Nature microbiology · 2026
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

43 authors at 15 institutions in 4 countries.

Timothy J Break *Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5987-7817
Vasileios Oikonomou *Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7553-0159
Nicolas DutzanOral Immunity and Inflammation Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8343-0214
Jigar V DesaiFungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8823-0796
Marc SwidergallLundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5261-6267
Tilo FreiwaldImmunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-717X
Daniel ChaussImmunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Bethesda, MD, USA.
Oliver J HarrisonMetaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-9586
Julie AlejoLaboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA.
Drake W WilliamsOral Immunity and Inflammation Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-2098
Stefania PittalugaLaboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7688-1439
Chyi-Chia R LeeLaboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5306-7781
Nicolas BouladouxMetaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1593-671X
Muthulekha SwamydasFungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8665-7016
Kevin W HoffmanDepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4284-4108
Teresa Greenwell-WildOral Immunity and Inflammation Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), Bethesda, MD, USA.
Vincent M BrunoInstitute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-2015
Lindsey B RosenImmunopathogenesis Section, LCIM, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5894-3878
Wint LwinDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Andy RenteriaFungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6978-1349
Sergio M PontejoMolecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-9831
John P ShannonViral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, LCIM, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8722-2209
Ian A MylesEpithelial Therapeutics Unit, LCIM, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9316-3703
Peter OlbrichImmunopathogenesis Section, LCIM, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9853-7903
Elise M N FerréFungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3285-7768
Monica SchmittFungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA.
Daniel MartinGenomics and Computational Biology Core, NIDCR, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8880-9087
Genomics and Computational Biology Core
Daniel L BarberT Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0344-9447
Norma V SolisLundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
Luigi D NotarangeloImmune Deficiency Genetics Section, LCIM, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8335-0262
David V SerrezeJackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-5925
Mitsuru MatsumotoDivision of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
Heather D HickmanViral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, LCIM, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4168-4894
Philip M MurphyMolecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1080-8201
Mark S AndersonDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3093-4758
Jean K LimDepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-6417
Steven M HollandImmunopathogenesis Section, LCIM, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-5464
Scott G FillerLundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7278-3700
Behdad AfzaliImmunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2968-1156
Yasmine BelkaidMetaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9962-3571
Niki M MoutsopoulosOral Immunity and Inflammation Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7365-6735
Michail S LionakisFungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA. lionakism@mail.nih.gov.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4994-9500
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases · USNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research · USOrganogenesis (United States) · USNational Cancer Institute · USNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · USJackson Laboratory · USLaboratory of Molecular Genetics · PLUCLA Medical Center · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USID Genomics (United States) · USJiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases · CNNational Institutes of Health · USUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Shared Resource ManagementP30CA034196 · NCI · JACKSON LABORATORY · PI Paul Robson · 1985 to 2026
$61.9M
Molecular Analysis Of Leukocyte Activation By ChemoattractantsZIAAI000615 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI MURPHY, PHILIP · 2009 to 2025
$44.8M
Technology CoreU19AI110820 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI RASKO, DAVID A · 2014 to 2023
$36.5M
Immunopathogenesis of Fungal InfectionsZIAAI001175 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI LIONAKIS, MICHAIL · 2012 to 2025
$23.9M
Genomic and Computational Biology Support for NIDCD Intramural ResearchZICDC000086 · NIDCD · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS · PI MORELL, ROBERT J · 2015 to 2025
$19.8M
Unravelling immunoregulatory circuits of tissue inflammationZIADK075149 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI AFZALI, BEHDAD · 2019 to 2025
$19.3M
Host Immunity Against BacteriaZIAAI001043 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI MYLES, IAN · 2009 to 2025
$18.9M
NIAID Microbiome ProgramZICAI001233 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI MOUTSOPOULOS, NIKI · 2018 to 2025
$18.9M
Immune Regulation in Mycobacterial InfectionsZIAAI001171 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI BARBER, DANIEL · 2012 to 2025
$16.7M
Characterization of the cellular and molecular bases of inborn errors of immunityZIAAI001222 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI NOTARANGELO, LUIGI · 2017 to 2025
$15.2M
Oral Microbial and Immunological Characterization of Patients with Immune DysfunZIADE000732 · NIDCR · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH · PI MOUTSOPOULOS, NIKI · 2010 to 2024
$13.2M
Imaging Antiviral ImmunityZIAAI001225 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI HICKMAN, HEATHER · 2017 to 2025
$11.4M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AI001175Intramural NIH HHS ZIC DC000086NCI NIH HHS P30 CA034196NIAID NIH HHS K99 AI141622NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI124566NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI110820NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC000086NIDCR NIH HHS R00 DE026856NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE026600NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK095735
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human monogenic disorders have revealed the critical contribution of type 17 responses in mucosal fungal surveillance. We unexpectedly found that in certain settings, enhanced type 1 immunity rather than defective type 17 responses can promote mucosal fungal infection susceptibility. Notably, in mice and humans with

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAnimalsCandida albicansCandidiasis, Chronic MucocutaneousDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansImmunity, MucosalImmunologic SurveillanceInterferon-gammaInterleukin-22InterleukinsJanus KinasesMaleInterferon-gammaInterleukin-22InterleukinsJanus KinasesReceptors, Interleukin-17STAT1 Transcription Factor

Identifiers

PMID33446526
PMCPMC8326743
OpenAlexW3120375284

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.