ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Investigating the Thioredoxin and Glutathione Systems' Response in Lymphoma Cells after Treatment with [Au(d2pype)2]CL.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Crosstalk of thioredoxin system and programmed cell death: from pathophysiology to novel therapy.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Inhibition of Thioredoxin-Reductase by Auranofin as a Pro-Oxidant Anticancer Strategy for Glioblastoma: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Bi-targeting of thioredoxin 1 and telomerase by thiotert promotes cell death of myelodysplastic syndromes and lymphoma.Biology direct · 2025Article
- Thioredoxin (Trx): A redox target and modulator of cellular senescence and aging-related diseases.Redox biology · 2024Review
- Lnc-CLSTN2-1:1 Promotes Osteosarcoma Progression by Disrupting Redox Balance through PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.Journal of Cancer · 2024Article
- Effect of Diet and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Lymphoproliferative Disorders.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Kinetic Effects of Transferrin-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles on the Antioxidant Glutathione-Thioredoxin Pathway.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Co-Targeting of BTK and TrxR as a Therapeutic Approach to the Treatment of Lymphoma.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Drug-independent NADPH-consuming micelles collaborate with ROS-generator for cascade ferroptosis amplification by impairing redox homeostasis.Materials today. Bio · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lymphoma is a blood cancer comprising various subtypes. Although effective therapies are available, some patients fail to respond to treatment and can suffer from side effects. Antioxidant systems, especially the thioredoxin (Trx) and glutathione (GSH) systems, are known to enhance cancer cell survival, with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) recently reported as a potential anticancer target. Since the GSH system can compensate for some Trx system functions, we investigated its response in three lymphoma cell lines after inhibiting TrxR activity with [Au(d2pype)2]Cl, a known TrxR inhibitor. [Au(d2pype)2]Cl increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and induced caspase-3 activity leading to cell apoptosis through inhibiting both TrxR and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) activity. Expression of the tumour suppresser gene TXNIP increased, while GPX1 and GPX4 expression, which are related to poor prognosis of lymphoma patients, decreased. Unlike SUDHL2 and SUDHL4 cells, which exhibited a decreased GSH/GSSG ratio after treatment, in KMH2 cells the ratio remained unchanged, while glutathione reductase and glutaredoxin expression increased. Since KMH2 cells were less sensitive to treatment with [Au(d2pype)2]Cl, the GSH system may play a role in protecting cells from apoptosis after TrxR inhibition. Overall, our study demonstrates that inhibition of TrxR represents a valid therapeutic approach for lymphoma.
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