Evidence mapPaperPMID 33470142Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2021

Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease Events in SWAN.

Rebecca C Thurston, Helen E Aslanidou Vlachos, Carol A Derby, Elizabeth A Jackson, Maria Mori Brooks, Karen A Matthews, Sioban Harlow, Hadine Joffe, Samar R El Khoudary

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06975111 (Focusing on the Menopausal Transition to Improve Mid-Life Women's Health), which is not on this map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
13.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06975111 phase2 / phase3recruitingstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Focusing on the Menopausal Transition to Improve Mid-Life Women's Health

Ran2026Enrolled200Registered outcomes10Posted comparisons0ConditionsCardiovascular, Menopause, Menopause Hot Flashes, Menopause Related ConditionsArmsAnti-hypertensives, Fezolinetant, Hormonal therapy, Life Style Intervention, Lipid Lowering Medication
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. The Neurology of Menopause.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Substance use and menopausal hormone therapy: Treatment initiation and interruption among US women with and without HIV, 2008-2019.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Hot flashes: a review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Lifestyle medicine pillars for women's heart health.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2025
    Article
  16. Understanding the menopause journey.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2025
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Rebecca C ThurstonDepartment of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA.
Helen E Aslanidou VlachosDepartment of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Pittsburgh PA.
Carol A DerbySaul R. Korey Department of Neurology Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine New York NY.
Elizabeth A JacksonDivision of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine Birmingham AL.
Maria Mori BrooksDepartment of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Pittsburgh PA.
Karen A MatthewsDepartment of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA.
Sioban HarlowDepartment of Epidemiology Henry F. Vaughn School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI.
Hadine JoffeDepartment of Epidemiology Henry F. Vaughn School of Public Health University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI.
Samar R El KhoudaryDepartment of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Pittsburgh PA.
University of Pittsburgh · USAlbert Einstein College of Medicine · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · USUniversity of Michigan · US

Funding

The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN): The Impact of Midlife and the Menopause Transition on Health and Functioning in Early Old AgeU19AG063720 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Sioban D Harlow · 2024 to 2024
$21.9M
WOMENS HEALTH ACROSS THE NATION--PITTSBURGHU01AG012546 · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · 1994 to 2005
$8.4M
WOMENS HEALTH ACROSS THE NATION--COORDINATING CENTERU01AG012553 · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · 1994 to 2005
$7.8M
WOMENS HEALTH ACROSS THE NATION--ENDOCRINE LABU01AG012495 · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 1994 to 2005
$7.4M
WOMENS HEALTH ACROSS THE NATION--UCDAVISU01AG012554 · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · 1994 to 2005
$4.5M
WOMENS HEALTH ACROSS THE NATION--UCLAU01AG012539 · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · 1994 to 2005
$4.5M
WOMENS HEALTH ACROSS THE NATION--CHICAGOU01AG012505 · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · 1994 to 2005
$4.4M
Women's Health Across the Nation-New Jersey SiteU01AG012535 · UNIV OF MED/DENT OF NJ-NJ MEDICAL SCHOOL · 1994 to 2005
$4.0M
THE STUDY OF WOMEN'S HEALTH ACROSS THE NATION-MICHIGANU01NR004061 · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 1994 to 2005
$4.0M
WOMENS HEALTH ACROSS THE NATION--MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HU01AG012531 · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · 1994 to 2005
$3.3M
NIA NIH HHS U01 AG012495NIA NIH HHS U01 AG012505NIA NIH HHS U01 AG012531NIA NIH HHS U01 AG012535NIA NIH HHS U01 AG012539NIA NIH HHS U01 AG012546NIA NIH HHS U01 AG012553NIA NIH HHS U01 AG012554NIA NIH HHS U19 AG063720NINR NIH HHS U01 NR004061
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women has unique features, including associations with reproductive factors that are incompletely understood. Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), the classic menopausal symptom, are linked to CVD risk factors and subclinical CVD. Evidence linking VMS to CVD events is limited. We tested whether frequent and/or persistent VMS were associated with increased risk for fatal and nonfatal CVD events in SWAN (Study of Women's Health Across the Nation). Methods and Results A total of 3083 women, aged 42 to 52 years at baseline, underwent up to 16 in-person visits over 22 years. Assessments included questionnaires on VMS frequency (0, 1-5, or ≥6 days/2 weeks), physical measures, phlebotomy, and reported CVD events (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and revascularization). A subset of events was adjudicated via medical record. Death certificates were obtained. Relationships between baseline VMS or persistent VMS over the follow-up (proportion of visits with frequent VMS) with combined incident nonfatal and fatal CVD were tested in Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographics, medication use, and CVD risk factors. Participants experienced 231 CVD events over the follow-up. Women with frequent baseline VMS had an elevated risk of subsequent CVD events (relative to no VMS; ≥6 days: hazard ratio [HR] [95% CI], 1.51 [1.05-2.17],

Indexed as

ForecastingWomen's HealthAdultCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMenopauseMiddle AgedPostmenopauseProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesSurvival RateUnited Statescardiovascular diseasehot flashesmenopausevasomotor symptoms

Identifiers

PMID33470142
PMCPMC7955448
OpenAlexW3125907043

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.