Evidence mapPaperPMID 33509115Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021

Severe Candida glabrata pancolitis and fatal Aspergillus fumigatus pulmonary infection in the setting of bone marrow aplasia after CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy - a case report.

Kai Rejeski, Wolfgang G Kunz, Martina Rudelius, Veit Bücklein, Viktoria Blumenberg, Christian Schmidt, Philipp Karschnia, Florian Schöberl, Konstantin Dimitriadis, Louisa von Baumgarten and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Functional and molecular characterization ofJournal of medical microbiology · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Recent developments inMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Targeting GPRC5D for multiple myeloma therapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Observational
  12. Rapid diagnosis ofFrontiers in medicine · 2024
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Recognizing, defining, and managing CAR-T hematologic toxicities.Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2023
    Review
  16. Observational
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Kai RejeskiDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. kai.rejeski@med.uni-muenchen.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3905-0251
Wolfgang G KunzDepartment of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Martina RudeliusDepartment of Pathology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Veit BückleinDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Viktoria BlumenbergDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Christian SchmidtDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Philipp KarschniaDepartment of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Florian SchöberlDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Konstantin DimitriadisDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Louisa von BaumgartenDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Joachim StemmlerDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Oliver WeigertDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Martin DreylingDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Michael von Bergwelt-BaildonDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Marion SubkleweDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
LMU Klinikum · DEGerman Cancer Research Center · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundProlonged myelosuppression following CD19-directed CAR T-cell transfusion represents an important, yet underreported, adverse event. The resulting neutropenia and multifactorial immunosuppression can facilitate severe infectious complications. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe the clinical course of a 59-year-old patient with relapsed/refractory DLBCL who received Axicabtagene-Ciloleucel (Axi-cel). The patient developed ASTCT grade I CRS and grade IV ICANS, necessitating admission to the neurological ICU and prolonged application of high-dose corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents. Importantly, neutropenia was profound (ANC < 100/μl), G-CSF-refractory, and prolonged, lasting more than 50 days. The patient developed severe septic shock 3 weeks after CAR transfusion while receiving anti-fungal prophylaxis with micafungin. His clinical status stabilized with broad anti-infective treatment and intensive supportive measures. An autologous stem cell backup was employed on day 46 to support hematopoietic recovery. Although the counts of the patient eventually started to recover, he developed an invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, which ultimately lead to respiratory failure and death. Postmortem examination revealed signs of Candida glabrata pancolitis.

conclusionsThis case highlights the increased risk for fatal infectious complications in patients who present with profound and prolonged cytopenia after CAR T-cell therapy. We describe a rare case of C. glabrata pancolitis associated with multifactorial immunosuppression. Although our patient succumbed to a fatal fungal infection, autologous stem cell boost was able to spur hematopoiesis and may represent an important therapeutic strategy for DLBCL patients with CAR T-cell associated bone marrow aplasia who have underwent prior stem cell harvest.

Indexed as

Anemia, AplasticAntigens, CD19Aspergillus fumigatusBiological ProductsCandida glabrataFatal OutcomeHumansImmunotherapy, AdoptiveInvasive Fungal InfectionsLymphoma, Large B-Cell, DiffuseMaleMiddle AgedAntigens, CD19axicabtagene ciloleucelBiological ProductsCandida glabrataCAR T-cellCase reportHematotoxicityInvasive aspergillosis

Identifiers

PMID33509115
PMCPMC7841988
OpenAlexW3122825654

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.