ReviewInternational journal of endocrinology2021
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Fractures in Adults: A Critical Appraisal and Review of the Literature.
Review in International journal of endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety of Potassium-Competitive Acid Blockers Compared With Proton Pump Inhibitors in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Pooled it
- GP perspectives on a computer-assisted strategy to support PPI deprescribing: a qualitative study.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Effect of Medication Intake on Dental Implant-Related Outcomes-A Scoping Review.Clinical oral implants research · 2026Article
- Outcomes at mean 8-year follow-up after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for failed fracture treatment.JSES international · 2026Article
- Proton pump inhibitors are associated with increased risk of pseudoarthrosis after lumbar fusion.North American Spine Society journal · 2026Article
- Linking the relationship between drug-induced osteoporosis and the gut microbiota.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Impact of Eprazole Sodium combined with somatostatin on treatment efficacy and coagulation function of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A retrospective study.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Bone health, renal outcomes, and iron deficiency anaemia in proton pump inhibitor versus histamine-2 receptor antagonist users: a retrospective cohort study based on TriNetX global collaborative network data.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Comparing Mannitol and Hypertonic Dextrose Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis Pain and Function: A Randomised Trial.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2025Article
- Integrated Analysis of Vonoprazan Safety for Symptomatic Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease or Erosive Oesophagitis.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025Article
- The Short-Term Impact of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Bone Health.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2025Article
- Ensuring safe and effective pharmacotherapy: The role of "community pharmacology" in attaining "health for all" from the Indian perspective.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Forgettable in the care of liver cirrhosis: the unseen culprits of progression from bad to worse.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2024Review
- Review
- The association between proton pump inhibitors and hyperparathyroidism: a potential mechanism for increased fracture-results of a large observational cohort study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2023Observational
- Review
- Postoperative Osteoporosis in Subjects with Morbid Obesity Undergoing Bariatric Surgery with Gastric Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy.Nutrients · 2023Review
- The effect of the use of proton pump inhibitors, serotonin uptake inhibitors, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory drugs on clinical outcomes of functional dental implants: A retrospective study.Clinical oral implants research · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Low Serum Alkaline Phosphatase and Hypophosphatasia in Adult Patients with Atypical Femur Fractures.Calcified tissue international · 2022Article
- Bone Fragility in Gastrointestinal Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the large number of patients worldwide being on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for acid-related gastrointestinal disorders, uncertainty remains over their long-term safety. Particularly, the potential side effects of these drugs on bone health have been evaluated in the last years. The purpose of our narrative review is to gather and discuss results of clinical studies focusing on the interactions between PPIs and fracture risk. Data generated mainly from nested case-control studies and meta-analysis suggest that long-term/high-dose PPIs users are characterized by an increased risk of fragility fractures, mainly hip fractures. However, in these studies, the PPIs-induced bone impairment is often not adjusted for different confounding variables that could potentially affect bone health, and exposure to PPIs was reported using medical prescriptions without adherence evaluation. The mechanisms of the PPI-related bone damage are still unclear, but impaired micronutrients absorption, hypergastrinemia, and increased secretion of histamine may play a role. Clinicians should pay attention when prescribing PPIs to subjects with a preexistent high risk of fractures and consider antiosteoporotic drugs to manage this additive effect on the bone. However, further studies are needed to clarify PPIs action on the bone.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.