ReviewLife (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Cryptococcal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: From Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers to Treatment Approaches.
Review in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cryptococcal Infection Across Disease Stages: Host-Pathogen Interactions, Tissue Niches, and Translational Priorities.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Failure in Invasive Fungal Infections: Beyond Antifungal Resistance-A Narrative Review.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Recent progress in pathophysiology of cortisol-producing adrenal tumor.Endocrine journal · 2026Review
- Individualized immunotherapy for immune reconstitution-associated cortical encephalitis in an HIV-positive cryptococcal meningitis patient: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Cryptococcal and EBV Meningitis in a Postpartum Woman With HIV Despite ART: A Case Challenging the Limits of Immune Reconstitution.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2026Article
- Cryptococcal dumbbell inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking skull histiocytic sarcoma in immunocompetent patient.Surgical neurology international · 2026Article
- Article
- Treatment of Advanced HIV in the Modern Era.Drugs · 2025Review
- Review
- Pathway-instructed therapeutic selection of ruxolitinib reduces neuroinflammation in fungal postinfectious inflammatory syndrome.Science advances · 2025Observational
- Molecular Diagnostics ofDiseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Global trends inFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Cryptococcal meningitis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- T cell infiltration into the brain triggers pulmonary dysfunction in murine Cryptococcus-associated IRIS.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Efficacy and safety of lenalidomide in HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis patients with persistent intracranial inflammation: an open-label, single-arm, prospective interventional study.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Cryptococcal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: From Clinical Studies to Animal Experiments.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Outcome of Lenalidomide Treatment for Cognitive Impairment Caused by Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Patients with HIV-Related Cryptococcal Meningitis.Journal of inflammation research · 2022Article
- Review
- Therapeutic advances in neuroinfectious diseases.Therapeutic advances in infectious diseaseReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) presents as an exaggerated immune reaction that occurs during dysregulated immune restoration in immunocompromised patients in late-stage human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who have commenced antiretroviral treatments (ART). Virtually any opportunistic pathogen can provoke this type of immune restoration disorder. In this review, we focus on recent developments in the identification of risk factors for Cryptococcal IRIS and on advancements in our understanding of C-IRIS immunopathogenesis. We overview new findings in blood and cerebrospinal fluid which can potentially be useful in the prediction and diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis IRIS (CM-IRIS). We assess current therapeutic regimens and novel treatment approaches to combat CM-IRIS. We discuss the utility of biomarkers for clinical monitoring and adjusting treatment modalities in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients co-infected with
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.