ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2021
Time in range-A1c hemoglobin relationship in continuous glucose monitoring of type 1 diabetes: a real-world study.
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation between time on target and glycated hemoglobin in people with diabetes mellitus: systematic review.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2023Pooled it
- Development of a glycated hemoglobin prediction model using continuous glucose monitoring metrics in pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus: insights into average glucose and recent glycemic trends.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2026Article
- 6. Glycemic Goals, Hypoglycemia, and Hyperglycemic Crises: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Rationale and protocol for a randomized parallel intervention trial of two intermittent fasting approaches in patients with type 2 diabetes.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- 6. Glycemic Goals and Hypoglycemia: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Seasonal fluctuations of CGM metrics in individuals with type 1 diabetes using an intermittently scanned CGM device or sensor augmented pump.Endocrine · 2025Article
- Beyond HbA1c: Identifying Gaps in Glycemic Control Among Children and Young People with Type 1 Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring and its Glucometrics in Clinical Practice in Spain and Future Perspectives: A Narrative Review.Advances in therapy · 2024Review
- Article
- 6. Glycemic Goals and Hypoglycemia: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.Diabetes care · 2024Review
- Oral administration of linoleic acid immediately before glucose load ameliorates postprandial hyperglycemia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- 6. Glycemic Targets: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023.Diabetes care · 2023 · on this mapReview
- Low and high carbohydrate isocaloric diets on performance, fat oxidation, glucose and cardiometabolic health in middle age males.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Low carbohydrate high fat ketogenic diets on the exercise crossover point and glucose homeostasis.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Relationship Between Time in Range and Dusk Phenomenon in Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Time in range assessed by capillary blood glucose in relation to insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study in China.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Article
- Improvement in Mean CGM Glucose in Young People with Type 1 Diabetes During 1 Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2022Article
- Clinically Serious Hypoglycemia Is Rare and Not Associated With Time-in-range in Youth With New-onset Type 1 Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
- Relationship between glycemic intraday variations evaluated in continuous glucose monitoring and HbA1c variability in type 2 diabetes: pilot study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe availability of easily accessible continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics can improve glycemic control in diabetes, and they may even become a viable alternative to hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) laboratory tests in the next years. The REALISM-T1D study (REAl-Life glucoSe Monitoring in Type 1 Diabetes) was aimed at contributing, with real-world data, to a deeper understanding of these metrics, including the time in range (TIR)-HbA1c relationship, to facilitate their adoption by diabetologists in everyday practice. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methods70 adults affected by type 1 diabetes were monitored for 1 year by means of either flash (FGM) or real-time (rtCGM) glucose monitoring devices. Follow-up visits were performed after 90, 180 and 365 days from baseline and percentage TIR
resultsA monovariate linear regression analysis confirms a strong correlation between TIR and HbA1c as found in previous studies, but leveraging more homogeneous data (n=146) collected in real-life conditions. Differences were determined between FGM and rtCGM devices in Pearson's correlation (r
conclusionsRegression lines for two patient groups monitored through FGM and rtCGM devices, respectively, while confirming a linear relationship between TIR and A1c hemoglobin (A1C) in good accordance with previous studies, also show a statistically significant difference in the regression intercept, thus suggesting the need for different models tailored to device characteristics. The predictive power of A1C as a TIR estimator also deserves further investigations.
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