SynthesisThe Journal of pediatrics2021
Childhood Risk Factors and Adulthood Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in The Journal of pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents with obesity: a position paper of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Guideline
- Brazilian Guideline for Exercise Testing in Children and Adolescents - 2024.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2024Guideline
- The Role of Social Determinants of Health in Cardiovascular Diseases: An Umbrella Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Unhealthy Food and Beverage Consumption during Childhood and Risk of Cardiometabolic Disease: A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Early-Life Sociodemographic Factors and Cardiovascular Health in Preadolescence Among Low-Income and Racially and Ethnically Diverse Children.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Trial
- A preconception lifestyle intervention in women with obesity and cardiovascular health in their children.Pediatric research · 2023Trial
- Associations of county-level school expenditure around time of birth and cardiovascular health in young adulthood.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Lipid Screening and Dyslipidemia in Children with Congenital Heart Disease.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Serum Zinc Levels in Early Life and Risk of Elevated Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: An 8-Year Prospective Study.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Article
- Circulating levels of growth differentiation factor-15 and its genetic variants -3148C>G (rs4808793) in pediatric cardiac patients.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Article
- Lipid and glucose profiles in children and adolescents: associations with body composition and metabolic risk factors-a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Macronutrient intake in infancy and cardiometabolic health in preschool children from the EDEN mother-child cohort.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Associations of the gut microbiome and cardiometabolic risk in adolescence: the HOME study.BMC medical genomics · 2026Article
- Cohort Profile: The Youth Vascular Consortium.Artery research · 2026Article
- Physical activity, dietary habits, screen time, and sleep duration among Saudi male adolescent athletes and non-athletes: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Risk factor patterns and vascular health in children with incident hypertension: The ExAMIN Youth SA study.Journal of human hypertension · 2025Article
- Adverse childhood experiences, sexual orientation-related victimization, and cardiovascular disease risk among men with and without HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Daily steps, cardiorespiratory fitness, and remnant cholesterol in schoolchildren: mediation effects for cardiovascular prevention.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Prenatal PFAS exposures and cardiometabolic health in middle childhood in the MIREC cohort.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Korean children: impact of various pediatric hypertension guidelines and application of the Korean blood pressure reference.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo conduct a comprehensive review of the literature on childhood risk factors and their associations with adulthood subclinical and clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). STUDY
designA systematic search was performed using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases to identify English-language articles published through June 2018. Articles were included if they were longitudinal studies in community-based populations, the primary exposure occurred during childhood, and the primary outcome was either a measure of subclinical CVD or a clinical CVD event occurring in adulthood. Two independent reviewers screened determined whether eligibility criteria were met.
resultsThere were 210 articles that met the predefined criteria. The greatest number of publications examined associations of clinical risk factors, including childhood adiposity, blood pressure, and cholesterol, with the development of adult CVD. Few studies examined childhood lifestyle factors including diet quality, physical activity, and tobacco exposure. Domains of risk beyond "traditional" cardiovascular risk factors, such as childhood psychosocial adversity, seemed to have strong published associations with the development of CVD.
conclusionsAlthough the evidence was fairly consistent in direction and magnitude for exposures such as childhood adiposity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, significant gaps remain in the understanding of how childhood health and behaviors translate to the risk of adulthood CVD, particularly in lesser studied exposures like glycemic indicators, physical activity, diet quality, very early life course exposure, and population subgroups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.