ReviewAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences2021
Pancreatic islet reserve in type 1 diabetes.
Review in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Phase 2 Trial of Frexalimab, a CD40L Antagonist, in Adolescents and Adults With Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes (FABULINUS): Rationale and Study Design.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Associations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances with markers of glycaemic control, insulin secretion and sensitivity, and diabetes risk: a systematic review and meta-analyses.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Relevance of Quantitative Measures of Beta-Cell Function in Clinical Practice.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2026Review
- The pathogenic "symphony" in type 1 diabetes: A disorder of the immune system, β cells, and exocrine pancreas.Cell metabolism · 2023Review
- A perspective on treating type 1 diabetes mellitus before insulin is needed.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Predictive Value of C-Peptide Measures for Clinical Outcomes of β-Cell Replacement Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes: Report From the Collaborative Islet Transplant Registry (CITR).Diabetes care · 2023Article
- Oral delivery of the intracellular domain of the insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2ic) by bacterium-like particles (BLPs) prevents type 1 diabetes mellitus in NOD mice.Drug delivery · 2022Article
- Pancreatic shear wave elastography in children with type 1 diabetes: relation to diabetes duration, glycemic indices, fasting C-peptide and diabetic complications.Pediatric radiology · 2022Article
- Capturing the real-world benefit of residual β-cell function during clinically important time-periods in established Type 1 diabetes.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2022Article
- Restoring normal islet mass and function in type 1 diabetes through regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2021Review
- C-peptide and residual β-cell function in pediatric diabetes - state of the art.Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by pancreatic islet β cell loss and dysfunction resulting in insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. During a presymptomatic phase of established β cell autoimmunity, β cell loss may first be evident through assessment of β cell secretory capacity, a measure of functional β cell mass. Reduction in pancreatic islet β cell reserve eventually manifests as impaired first-phase insulin response to glucose and abnormal glucose tolerance, which progresses until the functional capacity for β cell secretion can no longer meet the demand for insulin to control glycemia. A functional β cell mass of ∼25% of normal may be required to avoid symptomatic T1D but is already associated with dysregulated glucagon secretion. With symptomatic T1D, stimulated C-peptide levels >0.60 ng/mL (0.200 pmol/mL) indicate the presence of clinically meaningful residual β cell function for contributing to glycemic control, although even higher residual C-peptide appears necessary for evidencing glucose-dependent islet β and α cell function that may contribute to maintaining (near)normal glycemia. β cell replacement by islet transplantation can restore a physiologic reserve capacity for insulin secretion, confirming thresholds for functional β cell mass required for independence from insulin therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.