Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33558610›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Comprehensive evaluation of candidate reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR-based analysis in Caucasian clover.

Xiujie Yin, Taotao He, Kun Yi, Yihang Zhao, Yao Hu, Jiaxue Liu, Xiaomeng Zhang, Lingdong Meng, Lina Wang, Haoyue Liu and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Reference Gene Stability inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Stabilizing the Baseline: Reference Gene Evaluation in Three InvasiveInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiujie YinCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Taotao HeCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Kun YiCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Yihang ZhaoCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Yao HuCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Jiaxue LiuCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Xiaomeng ZhangCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Lingdong MengCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Lina WangCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Haoyue LiuCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Yonggang LiCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China.
Guowen CuiCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang, China. cuigw603@126.com.
Northeast Agricultural University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The forage species Caucasian clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.), a groundcover plant, is resistant to both cold and drought. However, reference genes for qRT-PCR-based analysis of Caucasian clover are lacking. In this study, 12 reference genes were selected on the basis of transcriptomic data. These genes were used to determine the most stably expressed genes in various organs of Caucasian clover under cold, salt and drought stress for qRT-PCR-based analysis. Reference gene stability was analyzed by geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, the ∆Ct method and RefFinder. Under salt stress, RCD1 and PPIL3 were the most stable reference genes in the leaves, and NLI1 and RCD1 were the most stable references genes in the roots. Under low-temperature stress, APA and EFTu-GTP were the most stable reference genes in the leaves, and the RCD1 and NLI2 genes were highly stable in the roots. Under 10% PEG-6000 stress, NLI1 and NLI2 were highly stable in the leaves, and RCD1 and PPIL3 were the most stable in the roots. Overall, RCD1 and NLI2 were the most stable reference genes in organs under normal conditions and across all samples. The most and least stable reference genes were validated by assessing their appropriateness for normalization via WRKY genes.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, PlantPlant ProteinsStress, PhysiologicalTrifoliumGene Expression ProfilingPlant LeavesPlant RootsReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionReference StandardsPlant Proteins

Identifiers

PMID33558610
PMCPMC7870939
OpenAlexW3126949806

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.