ReviewBone research2021
Two macrophages, osteoclasts and microglia: from development to pleiotropy.
Review in Bone research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Dual Role of Microglial TREM2 in Neuronal Degeneration and Regeneration After Axotomy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Brain-bone axis dysregulation: Biological code underlying the bidirectional association between depression and musculoskeletal disorders.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Is TREM2 a Stretch: Implications of TREM2 Along Spinal Cord Circuits in Health, Aging, Injury, and Disease.Cells · 2025Review
- Inflammatory Bridges: Interconnections Between Alzheimer's Disease and Bone Health.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Article
- The role of monocytes and macrophages in the progression of Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Crosstalk between bone and brain in Alzheimer's disease: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Review
- Unique expression and critical role of metallothionein 3 in the control of osteoclastogenesis and osteoporosis.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Influence of the spaceflight environment on macrophage lineages.NPJ microgravity · 2024Review
- Preliminary study of the homeostatic regulation of osseointegration by nanotube topology.Materials today. Bio · 2024Article
- Low TYROBP expression predicts poor prognosis in multiple myeloma.Cancer cell international · 2024Article
- Osteocyte-derived sclerostin impairs cognitive function during ageing and Alzheimer's disease progression.Nature metabolism · 2024Article
- Plant molecules reinforce bone repair: Novel insights into phenol-modified bone tissue engineering scaffolds for the treatment of bone defects.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Deciphering Immune Landscape Remodeling Unravels the Underlying Mechanism for Synchronized Muscle and Bone Aging.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Macrophage-Derived Exosomes as Advanced Therapeutics for Inflammation: Current Progress and Future Perspectives.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Metal-polyDNA nanoparticles reconstruct osteoporotic microenvironment for enhanced osteoporosis treatment.Science advances · 2023Article
- Molecular and Cellular Crosstalk between Bone and Brain: Accessing Bidirectional Neural and Musculoskeletal Signaling during Aging and Disease.Journal of bone metabolism · 2023Article
- No genetic causal association between Alzheimer's disease and osteoporosis: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- A Review of Signaling Transduction Mechanisms in Osteoclastogenesis Regulation by Autophagy, Inflammation, and Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages are highly specialized to their tissue-specific microenvironments, activated by various inflammatory signals and modulated by genetic and environmental factors. Osteoclasts and microglia are distinct tissue-resident cells of the macrophage lineage in bone and brain that are responsible for pathological changes in osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD), respectively. Osteoporosis is more frequently observed in individuals with AD compared to the prevalence in general population. Diagnosis of AD is often delayed until underlying pathophysiological changes progress and cause irreversible damages in structure and function of brain. As such earlier diagnosis and intervention of individuals at higher risk would be indispensable to modify clinical courses. Pleiotropy is the phenomenon that a genetic variant affects multiple traits and the genetic correlation between two traits could suggest a shared molecular mechanism. In this review, we discuss that the Pyk2-mediated actin polymerization pathway in osteoclasts and microglia in bone and brain, respectively, is the horizontal pleiotropic mediator of shared risk factors for osteoporosis and AD.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.