ReviewVaccines2021
Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Obesity and T2D: Literature Review.
Review in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infections and antibody responses after BNT162b2 in patients with severe obesity: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- COVID-19 vaccine updates for people under different conditions.Science China. Life sciences · 2024Review
- Differential Viral Dynamics by Sex and Body Mass Index During Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Results From a Longitudinal Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- A Tiny Viral Protein, SARS-CoV-2-ORF7b: Functional Molecular Mechanisms.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Co-Expression of Niemann-Pick Type C1-Like1 (NPC1L1) with ACE2 Receptor Synergistically Enhances SARS-CoV-2 Entry and Fusion.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) to determine cut-off points of clinical and biomolecular markers to discriminate mortality in severe COVID-19 living at high altitude.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Adipokine levels and their association with clinical disease severity in patients with dengue.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Development and external validation of the DOAT and DOATS scores: simple decision support tools to identify disease progression among nonelderly patients with mild/moderate COVID-19.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Immune Response to CoronaVac and Its Safety in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Compared with Healthcare Workers.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Pathways of Coagulopathy and Inflammatory Response in SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Type 2 Diabetic Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Adipokine levels and their association with clinical disease severity in patients with dengue.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Immune Cell Response during COVID-19 Infection and following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit.Journal of immunology research · 2023Article
- Safety and Evaluation of the Immune Response of Coronavirus Nosode (BiosimCovex) in Healthy Volunteers: A Preliminary Study Extending the Homeopathic Pathogenetic Trial.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Differential persistence of neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV-2 in post immunized Bangladeshi population.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Spike Antibody Responses on Admission and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Disease in Fully Vaccinated Inpatients: The CoVax Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Obesity and Leptin Resistance in the Regulation of the Type I Interferon Early Response and the Increased Risk for Severe COVID-19.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Covid-19: A new frontiers for therapeutic modality.International immunopharmacology · 2022Review
- COVID vaccination in patients with diabetes mellitus: A catch 22 situation?Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In December 2019, a novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in Wuhan, China, causing outbreaks of the coronavirus disease COVID-19 that has now spread globally. For this reason, The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a public health emergency in March 2020. People living with pre-existing conditions such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and chronic kidney and lung diseases, are prone to develop severe forms of disease with fatal outcomes. Metabolic diseases such as obesity and T2D alter the balance of innate and adaptive responses. Both diseases share common features characterized by augmented adiposity associated with a chronic systemic low-grade inflammation, senescence, immunoglobulin glycation, and abnormalities in the number and function of adaptive immune cells. In obese and T2D patients infected by SARS-CoV-2, where immune cells are already hampered, this response appears to be stronger. In this review, we describe the abnormalities of the immune system, and summarize clinical findings of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing conditions such as obesity and T2D as this group is at greater risk of suffering severe and fatal clinical outcomes.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.