ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Neurosteroids and Neurotrophic Factors: What Is Their Promise as Biomarkers for Major Depression and PTSD?
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Altered blood parameters in "major depression" patients receiving repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) therapy: a randomized case-control study.Translational psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Investigation of the effects of two exercise protocols on behavioral and biochemical changes in ovariectomized rats exposed to single prolonged stress.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Clinical Significance and Changes in Levels of Serum BDNF, mBDNF, AQP4, proBDNF, and GSK3β in Individuals Diagnosed With Bipolar Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Steroid alterations in Cushing's disease persist after remission: ACTH-driven steroid changes dissociate from mood-regulatory neurosteroids.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The applications of TMS in brain function assessment and treatment of mental disorders: a narrative review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Machine learning and bioinformatics framework integration reveal potential characteristic genes related to immune cell infiltration in post-traumatic stress disorder.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Transcranial Stimulation Methods in the Treatment of MDD Patients-The Role of the Neurotrophin System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Neurosteroids Progesterone and Dehydroepiandrosterone: Molecular Mechanisms of Action in Neuroprotection and Neuroinflammation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Circulating biomarkers and neuroanatomical brain structures differ in older adults with and without post-traumatic stress disorder.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Free and Easy Wanderer Ameliorates Intestinal Bloating-Dependent Avoidance Behavior of Caenorhabditis elegans Through Gut-Germline-Neural Signaling.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Progesterone Promotes Anti-Anxiety/Depressant-like Behavior and Trophic Actions of BDNF in the Hippocampus of Female Nuclear Progesterone Receptor, but Not 5α-Reductase, Knockout Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Age-dependent effects of HFrontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Psychological stress impact neurotrophic factor levels in patients with androgenetic alopecia and correlated with disease progression.World journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Witnessed trauma exposure induces fear in mice through a reduction in endogenous neurosteroid synthesis.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A State-of-the-art Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Emphasizing the Crosstalk Between Inflammatory and Neural Signaling in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2023Review
- Applied Clinical Tandem Mass Spectrometry-Based Quantification Methods for Lipid-Derived Biomarkers, Steroids and Cannabinoids: Fit-for-Purpose Validation Methods.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Zuranolone - synthetic neurosteroid in treatment of mental disorders: narrative review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Pharmacological targeting of cognitive impairment in depression: recent developments and challenges in human clinical research.Translational psychiatry · 2022Review
- Anxiety-like Behavior and GABAAR/BDZ Binding Site Response to Progesterone Withdrawal in a Stress-Vulnerable Strain, the Wistar Kyoto Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Even though major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are among the most prevalent and incapacitating mental illnesses in the world, their diagnosis still relies solely on the characterization of subjective symptoms (many of which are shared by multiple disorders) self-reported by patients. Thus, the need for objective measures that aid in the detection of and differentiation between psychiatric disorders becomes urgent. In this paper, we explore the potential of neurosteroids and neurotrophic proteins as biomarkers for MDD and PTSD. Circulating levels of the GABAergic neuroactive steroid, allopregnanolone, are diminished in MDD and PTSD patients, which corroborates the finding of depleted neurosteroid levels observed in animal models of these disorders. The neurotrophic protein, brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), is also reduced in the periphery and in the brain of MDD patients and depressed-like animals that express lower neurosteroid levels. Although the role of BDNF in PTSD psychopathology seems less clear and merits more research, we propose a causal link between allopregnanolone levels and BDNF expression that could function as a
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.