Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2021

Liraglutide hospital discharge trial: A randomized controlled trial comparing the safety and efficacy of liraglutide versus insulin glargine for the management of patients with type 2 diabetes after hospital discharge.

Francisco J Pasquel, Maria A Urrutia, Saumeth Cardona, Karla W Z Coronado, Bonnie Albury, Mireya C Perez-Guzman, Rodolfo J Galindo, Ajay Chaudhuri, Gianluca Iacobellis, Juan Palacios and 9 more

Open access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2021. The graph read 1 number from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map, but none could be read as for or against, so it casts no vote. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

1number the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against

Glycemic controlcomparator not stated · t2dfeeds one cell of the map
Δ -0.28-0.64 to 0.09
RESULTS: The between-group difference in HbA1c at 12 weeks and 26 weeks was -0.28% (95% CI -0.64, 0.09), and at 26 weeks it was -0.55%, (95% CI -1.01, -0.09) in favour of liraglutide.

clause the extractor read what became the number

2 · Its place on the map

Where it lands on the map

Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.

supports the treatmentfavours the comparatorno clear differenceread, but no usable result
3 · What it changes

What it adds to each cell

For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.

GLP-1 receptor agonists×glycemic control

No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →

40 readable studies in this cell: 96 favour the treatment, 17 find no difference, 10 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.91replicated · 68 families support, 7 contradict · against placebo
Without itNot a counted family in this claim, so removing it changes nothing.
← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
0 · no effect
NCT017204463,297 enrolled · 2013
Δ -0.66-0.80 to -0.52
NCT036893742,274 enrolled · 2018
Δ -0.29-0.38 to -0.20
NCT039879191,879 enrolled · 2019
Δ -0.51-0.64 to -0.38
NCT026078651,864 enrolled · 2016
Δ -0.50-0.60 to -0.40
NCT013360231,663 enrolled · 2011
Treatment contrast -0.64-0.75 to -0.53
NCT040178321,441 enrolled · 2019
Δ -0.20-0.30 to -0.10
NCT018365231,398 enrolled · 2013
Δ -0.20-0.32 to -0.07
NCT019301881,231 enrolled · 2013
Δ -1.06-1.21 to -0.91
NCT007344741,202 enrolled · 2008
Δ -0.71-0.87 to -0.55
NCT020581471,170 enrolled · 2014
Δ -0.29-0.38 to -0.19
NCT003184611,091 enrolled · 2006
Δ -1.09-1.30 to -0.88
NCT021289321,089 enrolled · 2014
Δ -0.81-0.96 to -0.67

This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.

4 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

5 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022
    Guideline
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Hospital Diabetes Meeting 2022.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Instituting a Successful Discharge Plan for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Challenges and Solutions.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2022
    Article
6 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

7 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Francisco J PasquelDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Maria A UrrutiaDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Saumeth CardonaDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Karla W Z CoronadoDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Bonnie AlburyDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Mireya C Perez-GuzmanDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Rodolfo J GalindoDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Ajay ChaudhuriDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.
Gianluca IacobellisDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
Juan PalaciosDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.ORCID 0000-0003-1633-426X
Javier M FariasDivision of Endocrinology Sanatorio Guemes, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Patricia GomezDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Isabel AnzolaDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Priyathama VellankiDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.ORCID 0000-0002-6544-015X
Maya FayfmanDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Georgia M DavisDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Alexandra L MigdalDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Limin PengDeartment of Biostatistics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Guillermo E UmpierrezDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.ORCID 0000-0002-3252-5026
Emory University · USUniversity of Miami · USHospital Alemán · ARUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New York · US

Funding

Georgia Clinical & Translational Science Alliance (Georgia CTSA)UL1TR002378 · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$9.3M
Technologies Advancing Translation - Regional CoreP30DK111024 · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$775k
Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) in End-Stage Renal Disease(ESRD) Patients with Type 2 DiabetesK23DK123384 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI Rodolfo Galindo · 2022 to 2024
$369k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002378NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK113241NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK122199NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK123384NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK111024NIGMS NIH HHS K23 GM128221
8 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.

aimTo compare a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist with basal insulin at hospital discharge in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes in a randomized clinical trial.

methodsA total of 273 patients with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7%-10% (53-86 mol/mol) were randomized to liraglutide (n = 136) or insulin glargine (n = 137) at hospital discharge. The primary endpoint was difference in HbA1c at 12 and 26 weeks. Secondary endpoints included hypoglycaemia, changes in body weight, and achievement of HbA1c <7% (53 mmol/mol) without hypoglycaemia or weight gain.

resultsThe between-group difference in HbA1c at 12 weeks and 26 weeks was -0.28% (95% CI -0.64, 0.09), and at 26 weeks it was -0.55%, (95% CI -1.01, -0.09) in favour of liraglutide. Liraglutide treatment resulted in a lower frequency of hypoglycaemia <3.9 mmol/L (13% vs 23%; P = 0.04), but there was no difference in the rate of clinically significant hypoglycaemia <3.0 mmol/L. Compared to insulin glargine, liraglutide treatment was associated with greater weight loss at 26 weeks (-4.7 ± 7.7 kg vs -0.6 ± 11.5 kg; P < 0.001), and the proportion of patients with HbA1c <7% (53 mmol/mol) without hypoglycaemia was 48% versus 33% (P = 0.05) at 12 weeks and 45% versus 33% (P = 0.14) at 26 weeks in liraglutide versus insulin glargine. The proportion of patients with HbA1c <7% (53 mmol/mol) without hypoglycaemia and no weight gain was higher with liraglutide at 12 (41% vs 24%, P = 0.005) and 26 weeks (39% vs 22%; P = 0.014). The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events was higher with liraglutide than with insulin glargine (P < 0.001).

conclusionCompared to insulin glargine, treatment with liraglutide at hospital discharge resulted in better glycaemic control and greater weight loss, but increased gastrointestinal adverse events.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2LiraglutideBlood GlucoseDrug Therapy, CombinationGlycated HemoglobinHospitalsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin GlarginePatient DischargeTreatment OutcomeBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin GlargineLiraglutidealgorithmglargineGLP-1RAhospital dischargehospital hyperglycaemiainpatient hyperglycaemiatype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID33591621
PMCPMC8571803
OpenAlexW3131217339

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.