ReviewDiabetologia2021
Current and future therapies for type 1 diabetes.
Review in Diabetologia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Diagnostics and treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (Update 2026)].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Guideline
- Telemedicine in Improving Glycemic Control Among Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Reducing Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: The Impact of Screening Programs and Early Disease-Modifying Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis: Mechanisms, Early Diagnostic Strategies, and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Review
- c-MYC enhances transcription of the type 1 diabetes mellitus associated gene BATF3 via promoter binding.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Pathogenesis and advances in immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes treatment.Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Single-gene knockout of RNLS or HIVEP2 are insufficient to protect β-cell spheroids from allo- and xeno-rejection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Perceptions of the Benefits and Risks of Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Article
- Harnessing Distinct Tissue-Resident Immune Niches via S100A9/TLR4 Improves Ketone, Lipid, and Glucose Metabolism.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Disparities in the Field of Precision Medicine: A Perspective.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Association of the lipidome with type 1 diabetes and the mediated effect of metabolites: A Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Restoration of intestinal secondary bile acid synthesis: A potential approach to improve pancreatic β cell function in type 1 diabetes.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- A Pilates Exercise Program as a Therapeutic Strategy in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Effects on Functional Capacity and Blood Glucose.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- microRNAs in Type 1 Diabetes: Roles, Pathological Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A Multidisciplinary Approach of Type 1 Diabetes: The Intersection of Technology, Immunotherapy, and Personalized Medicine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Trend analysis and cross-national inequity analysis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in children and adolescents aged 10-24 from 1990 to 2021.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2025Article
- Fasting elicits gut microbiome signature changes that extend to type 1 diabetes patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In type 1 diabetes, insulin remains the mature therapeutic cornerstone; yet, the increasing number of individuals developing type 1 diabetes (predominantly children and adolescents) still face severe complications. Fortunately, our understanding of type 1 diabetes is continuously being refined, allowing for refocused development of novel prevention and management strategies. Hitherto, attempts based on immune suppression and modulation have been only partly successful in preventing the key pathophysiological feature in type 1 diabetes: the immune-mediated derangement or destruction of beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, leading to low or absent insulin secretion and chronic hyperglycaemia. Evidence now warrants a focus on the beta cell itself and how to avoid its dysfunction, which is putatively caused by cytokine-driven inflammation and other stress factors, leading to low insulin-secretory capacity, autoantigen presentation and immune-mediated destruction. Correspondingly, beta cell rescue strategies are being pursued, which include antigen vaccination using, for example, oral insulin or peptides, as well as agents with suggested benefits on beta cell stress, such as verapamil and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. Whilst autoimmune-focused prevention approaches are central in type 1 diabetes and will be a requirement in the advent of stem cell-based replacement therapies, managing the primarily cardiometabolic complications of established type 1 diabetes is equally essential. In this review, we outline selected recent and suggested future attempts to address the evolving profile of the person with type 1 diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.