Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33600998›Full record

ReviewBiochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease2021

The xenobiotic receptors PXR and CAR in liver physiology, an update.

Xinran Cai, Gregory M Young, Wen Xie

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Bile acid regulation of xenobiotic nuclear receptors on the expressions of orosomucoids in the liver.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Bile acids and their receptors in hepatic immunity.Liver research (Beijing, China) · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Role of ghrelin hormone in the development of alcohol-associated liver disease.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xinran CaiCenter for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Gregory M YoungCenter for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Wen XieCenter for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. Electronic address: wex6@pitt.edu.

Funding

Xenobiotic Receptors in Mediating the Environmental Effects on Human Disease and MorbidityR35ES030429 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Wen Xie · 2019 to 2026
$6.9M
PXR-Mediated Xenobiotic Response in the Pathogenesis Hemorrhagic ShockR01DK117370 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI XIE, WEN · 2019 to 2022
$1.4M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK117370NIEHS NIH HHS R35 ES030429
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) are two nuclear receptors that are well-known for their roles in xenobiotic detoxification by regulating the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. In addition to metabolizing drugs and other xenobiotics, the same enzymes and transporters are also responsible for the production and elimination of numerous endogenous chemicals, or endobiotics. Moreover, both PXR and CAR are highly expressed in the liver. As such, it is conceivable that PXR and CAR have major potentials to affect the pathophysiology of the liver by regulating the homeostasis of endobiotics. In recent years, the physiological functions of PXR and CAR in the liver have been extensively studied. Emerging evidence has suggested the roles of PXR and CAR in energy metabolism, bile acid homeostasis, cell proliferation, to name a few. This review summarizes the recent progress in our understanding of the roles of PXR and CAR in liver physiology.

Indexed as

AnimalsConstitutive Androstane ReceptorHumansInactivation, MetabolicLiver DiseasesPregnane X ReceptorReceptors, Cytoplasmic and NuclearXenobioticsConstitutive Androstane ReceptorPregnane X ReceptorReceptors, Cytoplasmic and NuclearXenobioticsBile acid homeostasisCARCell proliferationEnergy metabolismPXRXenobiotic receptors

Identifiers

PMID33600998
PMCPMC8026720

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.