ArticlePain2021
Delta opioid receptor regulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide dynamics in the trigeminal complex.
Article in Pain, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- PN6047 Demonstrates Broad Preclinical Efficacy in Headache Models as a Novel Delta-Opioid Receptor Agonist.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Endogenous treatments for migraine pain.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Delta opioid receptors: Overlooked outlier or the next big thing.Current opinion in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Activation of δ-opioid receptors blocks allodynia in a model of headache induced by PACAP.British journal of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Regulation of headache response and transcriptomic network by the trigeminal ganglion clock.Headache · 2024Article
- New perspectives on migraine treatment: a review of the mechanisms and effects of complementary and alternative therapies.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Article
- CGRP physiology, pharmacology, and therapeutic targets: migraine and beyond.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
- Novel Therapeutic Targets for Migraine.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Characterization of Antibodies against Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 1 (RAMP1): A Cautionary Tale.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Endogenous opioid systems alterations in pain and opioid use disorder.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2022Review
- Neuronal complexity is attenuated in preclinical models of migraine and restored by HDAC6 inhibition.eLife · 2021Article
- Delta opioid receptors in Nav1.8 expressing peripheral neurons partially regulate the effect of delta agonist in models of migraine and opioid-induced hyperalgesia.Neurobiology of pain (Cambridge, Mass.)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
abstractMigraine is highly prevalent and is the sixth leading cause worldwide for years lost to disability. Therapeutic options specifically targeting migraine are limited, and delta opioid receptor (DOP) agonists were recently identified as a promising pharmacotherapy. The mechanisms by which DOPs regulate migraine are currently unclear. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been identified as an endogenous migraine trigger and plays a critical role in migraine initiation and susceptibility. The aim of this study was to determine the behavioral effects of DOP agonists on the development of chronic migraine-associated pain and to investigate DOP coexpression with CGRP and CGRP receptor (CGRPR) in the trigeminal system. Chronic migraine-associated pain was induced in mice through repeated intermittent injection of the known human migraine trigger, nitroglycerin. Chronic nitroglycerin resulted in severe chronic cephalic allodynia which was prevented with cotreatment of the DOP-selective agonist, SNC80. In addition, a corresponding increase in CGRP expression in the trigeminal ganglia and trigeminal nucleus caudalis was observed after chronic nitroglycerin, an augmentation that was blocked by SNC80. Moreover, DOP was also upregulated in these head pain-processing regions following the chronic migraine model. Immunohistochemical analysis of the trigeminal ganglia revealed coexpression of DOP with CGRP as well as with a primary component of the CGRPR, RAMP1. In the trigeminal nucleus caudalis, DOP was not coexpressed with CGRP but was highly coexpressed with RAMP1 and calcitonin receptor-like receptor. These results suggest that DOP agonists inhibit migraine-associated pain by attenuating CGRP release and blocking pronociceptive signaling of the CGRPR.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.