ArticleExperimental eye research2021
Short chain fatty acids inhibit endotoxin-induced uveitis and inflammatory responses of retinal astrocytes.
Article in Experimental eye research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids and the Gut-Retina Connection: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Microbial Metabolites Driving Gut-Eye Axis Signaling.Comprehensive physiology · 2026Review
- Oligosaccharide prebiotics in functional foods and therapeutics: innovations and challenges.3 Biotech · 2026Review
- The protective potential of intestinal Bifidobacterium-derived extracellular vesicles with unique lipid composition against blue light-induced damage in retinal cells.Journal of food and drug analysis · 2026Article
- The Gut-Eye Axis and Microbiome in Ophthalmic Diseases: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The Role of Viral Infection and Microbial Dysbiosis in Glaucoma: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Strategies.Viruses · 2026Review
- Accelerated biological aging is associated with the negative relationship between dietary intake of live microbes and diabetic retinopathy in US diabetic patients.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- A novel scoring system tailored for rabbit models of endotoxin-induced uveitis: feasible, sensitive, and reproducible.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Short-chain fatty acids butyrate and acetate limit Zika virus replication and associated ocular manifestations via the G-protein coupled receptor 43/FFAR2.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Crosstalk between gut microbiota and RNA N6-methyladenosine modification in diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (GPR109A) and retinopathies: pathways and prospects.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Anaerobic antibiotic exposure and risk of maculopathy: a nationwide dual design study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota and uveitis: exploring novel mechanisms of inflammatory ocular diseases via the gut-eye axis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Targeting the cardio-neuro axis through nutrition: inflammatory mechanisms linking cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The gut-eye axis in blinding eye diseases: microbiota-driven immune dysregulation and immunomodulatory therapies.International ophthalmology · 2025Review
- ProbioticAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- The gut-retina axis: association of dietary index for gut microbiota with diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients-a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2009-2018.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Sex differences on laser-induced choroidal neovascularization and short-chain fatty acid treatment in a mouse model.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced by gut microbiota as fermentation products of digestion-resistant oligosaccharides and fibers. Their primary roles are functioning as major energy sources for colon cells and assisting in gut homeostasis by immunomodulation. Recent evidence suggests that they affect various organs both at cellular and molecular levels, and regulate functions in distance sites including gene expression, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis and inflammation. In this study, we examined whether SCFAs are present in the mouse eye and whether SCFAs affect inflammatory responses of the eye and retinal astrocytes (RACs). We observed that intra-peritoneal injected SCFAs were detected in the eye and reduced intraocular inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Moreover, SCFAs displayed two disparate effects on LPS-stimulated RACs - namely, cytokine and chemokine production was reduced, but the ability to activate T cells was enhanced. Our results support the existence of gut-eye cross talk and suggest that SCFAs can cross the blood-eye-barrier via the systemic circulation. If applied at high concentrations, SCFAs may reduce inflammation and impact cellular functions in the intraocular milieu.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.