Trial reportBasic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology2021
Subcutaneous adipose tissue composition and function are unaffected by liraglutide-induced weight loss in adults with type 1 diabetes.
Trial report in Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists' effects on glycemic control, weight loss, and beta cells function in type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Subcutaneous adipose tissue composition and function are unaffected by liraglutide-induced weight loss in adults with type 1 diabetes.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2021Trial
- From bench to bedside: adipose tissue fibrosis in obesity, anti-diabetic therapies, and bariatric surgery.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- Adipose tissue distribution in metabolic disease: depot-specific biology, clinical assessment, and therapeutic remodeling.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Weight Loss-Associated Remodeling of Adipose Tissue Immunometabolism.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Review
- Obesity and the Gut-Brain Axis in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Terra Incognita?Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Mechanistic Pathways and Clinical Implications of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 1 Diabetes Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Incretins beyond type 2 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Adipose tissue is the primary energy reservoir of the human body, which also possesses endocrine functions. The glucagon-like peptide agonist liraglutide produces weight loss, although the specific effects on adipose tissue are unknown. We aimed to characterize the white adipose tissue composition and pericellular fibrosis of subcutaneous adipose tissue in response to liraglutide treatment. Furthermore, we explored the level of circulating free fatty acids, cluster of differentiation 163 (CD163) macrophage marker, leptin and adiponectin. Thirty-nine adults with type 1 diabetes and polyneuropathy were randomly assigned to 26 weeks of liraglutide or placebo treatment. Biopsies of subcutaneous tissue were formalin-fixed stained with picrosirius red to visualize collagen or immunohistochemically stained for CD163. Serum concentrations of free fatty acids, CD163, leptin and adiponectin were assessed with immunoassays or multiplex panels. In comparison with placebo, liraglutide induced weight loss (3.38 kg, 95% CI -5.29; -1.48, P < 0.001), but did not cause any differences in cell size, distribution of CD163-positive cells, pericellular fibrosis and serum levels of free fatty acids, CD163, leptin or adiponectin (all P < 0.1). Additionally, no associations between weight loss, cell size and serum markers were found (all P > 0.08). In conclusion, despite liraglutide's effect on weight loss, sustained alterations in subcutaneous adipose tissue did not seem to appear.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.