ReviewFrontiers in oncology2020
Biomarkers of Checkpoint Inhibitor Induced Immune-Related Adverse Events-A Comprehensive Review.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of conserved immune-related adverse event risk factors and clinical outcomes in a pan-immunotherapy data mart.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Risk and safety profile in checkpoint inhibitors on non-small-cel lung cancer: A systematic review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- Polygenic risk score for ulcerative colitis predicts immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis.Nature communications · 2024Pooled it
- Association of Immune Related Adverse Events With Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Overall Survival in Cancers: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Severe Immune-Related Liver Injury Following Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Combination Therapy.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Elevation of Eosinophil Proportion After Pembrolizumab Increases the Risk of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients With Bladder Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Observational
- Toward Precision Health in Autoimmunity and Immune-Related Adverse Events: The Autoantibody Reactome, Spatial Omics, and Multimodal Data Integration.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Immune-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Related Cardiovascular Toxicities in Cancer: A Mechanistic Review of Molecular Pathways with AI-Assisted Literature Clustering.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Allostatic Load Predicts Immune-Related Toxicity and Survival in Melanoma Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Cancers · 2026Article
- PD-1 deficiency reshapes the TCRβ repertoire and T-cell developmental programs associated with susceptibility to lupus-like autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immunometabolic Reprogramming in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Implications.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Single-cell profiling of PBMCS reveals an immune signature of irAEs in anti-PD-1-treated acral melanoma patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Biomarker study on pneumonitis in durvalumab maintenance therapy after chemoradiotherapy for stage III non-small cell lung cancer.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Real-world analysis of immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy and response predictors in patients treated at the CCCMunichScientific reports · 2025Article
- Immune-related adverse events in patients with low baseline serum IL-6 treated with durvalumab plus tremelimumab for hepatocellular carcinoma: a case series.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Development of a Predictive Model for Classifying Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Liver Injury Types.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- Review
- Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced diabetes mellitus.Endocrine · 2025Review
- Lipid-based nanoparticles: advancing therapeutic strategies for vitiligo management.BioImpacts : BI · 2025Review
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immune-related adverse events in advanced melanoma.Immuno-oncology technology · 2024Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have substantially improved the prognosis of patients with different types of cancer. Through blockade of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), negative feedback mechanisms of the immune system are inhibited, potentially resulting in very durable anti-tumor responses. Despite their promise, ICIs can also elicit auto-immune toxicities. These immune-related adverse events (irAEs) can be severe and sometimes even fatal. Therefore, being able to predict severe irAEs in patients would be of added value in clinical decision making. A search was performed using "adverse events", "immune checkpoint inhibitor", "biomarker", and synonyms in PubMed, yielding 3580 search results. After screening title and abstract on the relevance to the review question, statistical significance of reported potential biomarkers, and evaluation of the remaining full papers, 35 articles were included. Five additional reports were obtained by means of citations and by using the similar article function on PubMed. The current knowledge is presented in comprehensive tables summarizing blood-based, immunogenetic and microbial biomarkers predicting irAEs prior to and during ICI therapy. Until now, no single biomarker has proven to be sufficiently predictive for irAE development. Recommendations for further research on this topic are presented.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.