SynthesisDiabetes care2021
n-3 Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: An Individual Participant-Level Pooling Project of 20 Prospective Cohort Studies.
Synthesis in Diabetes care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with incident chronic kidney disease: pooled analysis of 19 cohorts.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of α-Linolenic Acid, the Vegetable ω-3 Fatty Acid, on Cardiovascular Disease and Cognition.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Trans Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Pooled Analysis of 12 Prospective Cohort Studies in the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE).Diabetes care · 2022Pooled it
- Lipoprotein(a) Lipidome: Responses to Reduced Dietary Saturated Fat Intake in Two Randomized Controlled Feeding Trials.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Biomarkers of glucose-insulin homeostasis and incident type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: results from the Vitamin D and Omega-3 trial.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Trial
- The FADS1 rs174550 Genotype Modifies the n-3 and n-6 PUFA and Lipid Mediator Responses to a High Alpha-Linolenic Acid and High Linoleic Acid Diets.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Association of plasma n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid with gut mycobiome and implications for glucose homeostasis.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Relationship Between Serum Levels of Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES 2003-2004 and 2011-2012.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Article
- Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Activation and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Inhibition: A Mechanistic Rationale for Anti-Aging Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2025Review
- Association of lipidome with senility and the mediated effect of metabolites: A Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Retrospective analysis of omega-3 fatty acids and the DASH diet in hyperlipidemia and hypertension management among obese individuals.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Role of human plasma metabolites in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes from the IMI-DIRECT study.Diabetologia · 2024Article
- The relationship of dietary omega-3 fatty acid and omega-6 to omega-3 ratio intake and likelihood of type 2 diabetes in a cross-sectional study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Article
- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Japan: Prevalence Trends and Clinical Background in the 10 Years before the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Immunomodulation through Nutrition Should Be a Key Trend in Type 2 Diabetes Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Fish oil supplementation and risk of dementia among diabetic patients: a prospective study of 16,061 older patients.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Fat and fatty acids - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.Food & nutrition research · 2024Article
- Research progress on the relationship between free fatty acid profile and type 2 diabetes complicated by coronary heart disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Omega-3 fatty acids in heart disease-why accurately measured levels matter.Netherlands heart journal : monthly journal of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
44 authors at 20 institutions in 12 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveProspective associations between n-3 fatty acid biomarkers and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk are not consistent in individual studies. We aimed to summarize the prospective associations of biomarkers of α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with T2D risk through an individual participant-level pooled analysis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsFor our analysis we incorporated data from a global consortium of 20 prospective studies from 14 countries. We included 65,147 participants who had blood measurements of ALA, EPA, DPA, or DHA and were free of diabetes at baseline. De novo harmonized analyses were performed in each cohort following a prespecified protocol, and cohort-specific associations were pooled using inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis.
resultsA total of 16,693 incident T2D cases were identified during follow-up (median follow-up ranging from 2.5 to 21.2 years). In pooled multivariable analysis, per interquintile range (difference between the 90th and 10th percentiles for each fatty acid), EPA, DPA, DHA, and their sum were associated with lower T2D incidence, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of 0.92 (0.87, 0.96), 0.79 (0.73, 0.85), 0.82 (0.76, 0.89), and 0.81 (0.75, 0.88), respectively (all
conclusionsHigher circulating biomarkers of seafood-derived n-3 fatty acids, including EPA, DPA, DHA, and their sum, were associated with lower risk of T2D in a global consortium of prospective studies. The biomarker of plant-derived ALA was not significantly associated with T2D risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.