ArticleCell death & disease2021
Ciclopirox and bortezomib synergistically inhibits glioblastoma multiforme growth via simultaneously enhancing JNK/p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling.
Article in Cell death & disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Effect of the antifungal drug ciclopirox on the inhibition of HMGA2-mediated oncogenic capacity in ACHN renal cell carcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Large-scale RNA-Seq mining reveals ciclopirox olamine induces TDP-43 cryptic exons.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Stress-mediated Activation of Ferroptosis, Pyroptosis, and Apoptosis Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Exacerbates Neurological Dysfunctions.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Reversal gene expression assessment for drug repurposing, a case study of glioblastoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Roles of TRPM channels in glioma.Cancer biology & therapy · 2024Review
- Inhibition of mitochondrial OMA1 ameliorates osteosarcoma tumorigenesis.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Reversal Gene Expression Assessment for Drug Repurposing, a Case Study of Glioblastoma.Research square · 2024Article
- Curcumin in treatment of hematological cancers: Promises and challenges.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Bortezomib advanced mechanisms of action in multiple myeloma, solid and liquid tumors along with its novel therapeutic applications.EXCLI journal · 2023Review
- Ciclopirox drives growth arrest and autophagic cell death through STAT3 in gastric cancer cells.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Article
- Hesperidin Protects SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cells against High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis via Regulation of MAPK Signaling.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Options in Neuro-Oncology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Glioblastoma Stem Cells-Useful Tools in the Battle against Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Ciclopirox targets cellular bioenergetics and activates ER stress to induce apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2022Article
- Imperatorin inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathways and alleviates neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ciclopirox (CPX) is an antifungal drug that has recently been reported to act as a potential anticancer drug. However, the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of CPX on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remain unknown. Bortezomib (BTZ) is the first proteasome inhibitor-based anticancer drug approved to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma, as BTZ exhibits toxic effects on diverse tumor cells. Herein, we show that CPX displays strong anti-tumorigenic activity on GBM. Mechanistically, CPX inhibits GBM cellular migration and invasion by reducing N-Cadherin, MMP9 and Snail expression. Further analysis revealed that CPX suppresses the expression of several key subunits of mitochondrial enzyme complex, thus leading to the disruption of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in GBM cells. In combination with BTZ, CPX promotes apoptosis in GBM cells through the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Moreover, CPX and BTZ synergistically activates nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling and induces cellular senescence. Our findings suggest that a combination of CPX and BTZ may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy to enhance the anticancer activity of CPX against GBM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.