ReviewJournal of endocrinological investigation2021
Iodine nutrition optimization: are there risks for thyroid autoimmunity?
Review in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of iodine nutritional status on the recurrence of hyperthyroidism and antithyroid drug efficacy in adult patients with Graves' disease: a systemic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- The effect of sodium restriction on iodine prophylaxis: a review.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Therapeutic effectiveness of iodine-rich herbs in treating Graves' hyperthyroidism: a retrospective cohort study from a single center.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Trial
- The Role of Immunological Challenges, Oxidative Stress, and Dietary Interventions in Managing Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A Narrative Review.Nutrition reviews · 2026Review
- The role of nutrition on thyroid health and disease: myths and facts.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Scalp hair and serum iodine as potential biomarkers for iodine intake and their association with the thyroid function.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress in Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a candidate amplification node linking thyroid-specific vulnerability and immune dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Modern challenges of iodine nutrition: vegan and vegetarian diets.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Impact of iodine nutritional levels in urban and rural pregnant women on neonatal growth indicators: a cohort study in Xinjiang, China.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The roles of essential trace elements in T cell biology.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Role of Mediterranean diet in endocrine diseases: a joint overview by the endocrinologist and the nutritionist.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Review
- Review
- The Influence of Food Regimes on Oxidative Stress: A Permutation-Based Approach Using the NPC Test.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Iodine status and supplementation in pregnancy: an overview of the evidence provided by meta-analyses.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2023Review
- Thyroid hormones and minerals in immunocorrection of disorders in autoimmune thyroid diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Salt reduction and iodine intake in Italy.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Article
- Results of the national biomonitoring program show persistent iodine deficiency in Israel.Israel journal of health policy research · 2022Article
- Epidemiology of Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism and Positive Thyroid Antibodies in the Croatian Population.Biology · 2022Article
- Predictors of autoimmune thyroid disease.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Iodine deficiency is still the main cause of preventable thyroid disorders, worldwide. To optimize iodine intake, programs of voluntary or mandatory iodization of salt have been implemented in several iodine-deficient countries and iodine sufficiency has been achieved in many. Despite the clear beneficial effects on thyroid health, some concerns have been raised on the presumed detriment of iodine prophylaxis on thyroid autoimmunity. Very recent studies aimed at evaluating the long-term consequences of iodine supplementation on thyroid autoimmunity and related dysfunction, have clearly demonstrated that the early post-iodization increase in thyroid antibody positivity is largely transient and not clinically relevant, since the prevalence of overt thyroid dysfunction has remained reassuring low over two decades. The recommended iodine intake is therefore safe with regard to thyroid autoimmunity, the benefits largely outweighing the risks in a population with a stable median iodine concentration not exceeding 300 μg/L. Thus, a possible increase in thyroid autoimmunity should not represent a limitation to promoting iodine supplementation in the general population, also taking into account the steady rise in prevalence of autoimmune disorders which has occurred in the last few decades because of environmental factors other than iodine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.