SynthesisJournal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH2021
Antithrombotic therapy to prevent recurrent pregnancy loss in antiphospholipid syndrome-What is the evidence?
Synthesis in Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hydroxychloroquine and pregnancy outcomes in patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.RMD open · 2025Pooled it
- Fetal death: Expert consensus of the French College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Guideline
- Treatment of Refractory/High-Risk Pregnancies With Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- The Role of Macrophages in Endometrial Cyclical Changes and Female Reproductive System Diseases: A Review.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Effect of prophylactic subcutaneous unfractionated heparin on the maternal sFlt-1/PlGF ratio: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Managing Pregnancy in the Presence of Rheumatic Heart Disease and Antiphospholipid Syndrome.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Immune microenvironment dynamics in pregnant patients with concomitant autoimmune diseases: mechanisms, challenges, and clinical significance.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- The role of thromboelastography and conventional coagulation tests in missed and recurrent spontaneous abortion: a subgroup analysis based on embryonic chromosome status.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy: a comprehensive literature review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Review
- Pregnancy outcomes in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a Portuguese multicentre study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome Among Patients with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Impact of the Revised 2023 ACR/EULAR Antiphospholipid Syndrome Criteria.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Proteomics analysis of plasm exosomes in early pregnancy among normal pregnant women and those with antiphospholipid syndrome.Heliyon · 2024Article
- JPT2 Affects Trophoblast Functions and Macrophage Polarization and Metabolism, and Acts as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Article
- The pathogenesis of obstetric APS: a 2023 update.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Review
- B-Cells and BAFF in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Targets for Therapy?Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- BushenHuoxue Recipe for the Treatment of Prethrombotic State of ACA-Positive Recurrent Miscarriage via the Regulation of the PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- [Insights into pregnancy and breastfeeding in inflammatory rheumatic diseases through observational data].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aspirin and heparin are widely used to reduce the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss in women with antiphospholipid syndrome. This practice is based on only a few intervention studies, and uncertainty regarding benefits and risk remains. In this case-based review, we summarize the available evidence and address the questions that are most important for clinical practice. We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of heparin (low molecular weight heparin [LMWH] or unfractionated heparin [UFH]), aspirin, or both on live birth rates in women with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies and recurrent pregnancy loss. Eleven trials including 1672 women met the inclusion criteria. Aspirin only did not increase live birth rate compared to placebo in one trial of 40 women (risk ratio [RR] 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.71-1.25). One trial of 141 women reported a higher live birth rate with LMWH only than with aspirin only (RR 1.20; 95% CI 1.00-1.43). Five trials totaling 1295 women compared heparin plus aspirin with aspirin only. The pooled RR for live birth was 1.27 (95% CI 1.09-1.49) in favor of heparin plus aspirin. There was significant heterogeneity between the subgroups of LMWH and UFH (RR for LWMH plus aspirin versus aspirin 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.38; RR for UFH plus aspirin versus aspirin 1.74, 95% CI: 1.28-2.35; I
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.