Evidence mapPaperPMID 33707304Full record

Trial reportDiabetes care2021

Type 2 Diabetes Subgroups, Risk for Complications, and Differential Effects Due to an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention.

Michael P Bancks, Haiying Chen, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Alain G Bertoni, Mark A Espeland, Steven E Kahn, Scott Pilla, Elizabeth Vaughan, Lynne E Wagenknecht, Look AHEAD Research Group

Open access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Prediabetes Subgroups, Type 2 Diabetes Risk, and Differential Effects of Preventive Interventions.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025 · on this map
    Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. The evolution of C-peptide's role in diabetes care.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Michael P BancksWake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC mbancks@wakehealth.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-3694-6060
Haiying ChenWake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.ORCID 0000-0002-9712-5963
Ashok BalasubramanyamBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.ORCID 0000-0003-2093-5201
Alain G BertoniWake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Mark A EspelandWake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Steven E KahnVA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA.ORCID 0000-0001-7307-9002
Scott PillaJohns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-3292-9047
Elizabeth VaughanBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.ORCID 0000-0001-9565-0134
Lynne E Wagenknecht
Look AHEAD Research Group
Wake Forest University · USBaylor College of Medicine · USJohns Hopkins University · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

ZOPOLRESTAT PHARMACOKINETICS IN DIABETICS WITH VARYING RENAL FUNCTIONM01RR000051 · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · 1985 to 2005
$37.2M
WITHIN SUBJ VARIABILITY IN MEASUREMENTS DRUG METABOL ENZYMES IN HLTY SUBJM01RR000056 · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · 1985 to 2005
$27.6M
ZD6416 Analgesic--Painful Distal Symmetrical PolyneuropaM01RR001066 · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · 1985 to 2005
$26.1M
HEALTH OUTCOMES OF WEIGHT-LOSS: DATA COORDINATING CENTERU01DK057136 · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · 1999 to 2005
$18.5M
ZINC THERAPY FOR SCLERODERMA--PHASE I STUDYM01RR002719 · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · 1986 to 2005
$16.4M
ZOLEDRONATE VS AREDIA IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA/BREAST CANCER W /BONE DISORDERSM01RR001346 · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR SAN ANT · 1985 to 2005
$16.1M
Vector and Transgenic Mouse CoreP30DK017047 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 1986 to 2025
$12.6M
Clinical Center for Look AHEAD: Health in DiabetesU01DK057178 · ST. LUKE'S-ROOSEVELT INST FOR HLTH SCIS · 1999 to 2005
$9.3M
Clinical Center for Look AHEAD: Health in DiabetesU01DK057151 · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · 1999 to 2005
$8.4M
STUDY OF HEALTH OUTCOMES OF WEIGHT-LOSS (SHOW)U01DK057135 · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 1999 to 2005
$8.2M
SHOW PROJECTU01DK057154 · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · 1999 to 2005
$8.1M
STUDY OF HEALTH OUTCOMES OF WEIGHT-LOSS (SHOW) TRIALU01DK056992 · MIRIAM HOSPITAL · 1999 to 2005
$8.1M
NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000051NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000056NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR001066NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR001346NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR002719NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024153NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR025758NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK110341NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK017047NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK046204NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK048520NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK056990NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK056992NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057002NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057008NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057078NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057131NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057135NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057136NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057149NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057151NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057154NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057171NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057177NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057178NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057182NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK057219
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe reevaluated the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) intervention, incorporating diabetes subgroups, to identify whether intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) is associated with differential risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) by diabetes subgroup. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsIn the Look AHEAD trial, 5,145 participants, aged 45-76 years, with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and overweight or obesity were randomly assigned to 10 years of ILI or a control condition of diabetes support and education. The ILI focused on weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity. To characterize diabetes subgroups, we applied k-means clustering to data on age of diabetes diagnosis, BMI, waist circumference, and glycated hemoglobin. We examined whether relative intervention effects on the trial's prespecified CVD outcomes varied among diabetes subgroups.

resultsWe characterized four subgroups related to older age at diabetes onset (42% of sample), poor glucose control (14%), severe obesity (24%), and younger age at diabetes onset (20%). We observed interactions (all

conclusionsAmong overweight and obese adults with T2D, a lifestyle intervention was associated with differential risk for CVD that was dependent on diabetes subgroup. Diabetes subgroups may be important to identify the patients who would achieve benefit and avoid harm from an ILI.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2AgedFemaleHumansLife StyleMaleMiddle AgedObesityOverweightWeight Loss

Identifiers

PMID33707304
PMCPMC8132317
OpenAlexW3134020916

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.