Evidence mapPaperPMID 33710585Full record

ReviewDrugs2021

Pathophysiology and Management of Variceal Bleeding.

Saleh A Alqahtani, Sunguk Jang

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Drugs, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06325436 (Accuracy of Simple Objective Scores in Prediction of Short-Term Outcome Among Cirrhotic Patients With Variceal Bleeding), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06325436 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Accuracy of Simple Objective Scores in Prediction of Short-Term Outcome Among Cirrhotic Patients With Variceal Bleeding

TypeobservationalSponsorAssiut UniversityRan2024 to 2026Enrolled85ConditionsVariceal Hemorrhage
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Preventing First and Further Decompensation in Advanced Chronic Liver Disease.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Independent predictors of ICU admission, mortality, and intervention requirements in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Targeting Metabolism: Innovative Therapies for MASLD Unveiled.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
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  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
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  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Saleh A AlqahtaniLiver Transplant Unit, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sunguk JangDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, A3-269, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA. jangs@ccf.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9837-0322
Cleveland Clinic · USJohns Hopkins University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cirrhosis is the fifth leading cause of death in adults. Advanced cirrhosis can cause significant portal hypertension (PH), which is responsible for many of the complications observed in patients with cirrhosis, such as varices. If portal pressure exceeds a certain threshold, the patient is at risk of developing life-threatening bleeding from varices. Variceal bleeding has a high incidence among patients with liver cirrhosis and carries a high risk of mortality and morbidity. The management of variceal bleeding is complex, often requiring a multidisciplinary approach involving pharmacological, endoscopic, and radiologic interventions. In terms of management, three stages can be considered: primary prophylaxis, active bleeding, and secondary prophylaxis. The main goal of primary and secondary prophylaxis is to prevent variceal bleeding. However, active variceal bleeding is a medical emergency that requires swift intervention to stop the bleeding and achieve durable hemostasis. We describe the pathophysiology of cirrhosis and PH to contextualize the formation of gastric and esophageal varices. We also discuss the currently available treatments and compare how they fare in each stage of clinical management, with a special focus on drugs that can prevent bleeding or assist in achieving hemostasis.

Indexed as

Gastrointestinal HemorrhageHumansHypertension, PortalLiver CirrhosisPrimary PreventionSecondary Prevention

Identifiers

PMID33710585
OpenAlexW3135616432

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.