Trial reportJournal of diabetes investigation2021
Painful diabetic neuropathy is associated with increased nerve regeneration in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing intensive glycemic control.
Trial report in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Practical guideline on the prevention and management of diabetic foot in China (Ⅰ)].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2025Guideline
- Painful diabetic neuropathy is associated with increased nerve regeneration in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing intensive glycemic control.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2021Trial
- Increased C-reactive protein is associated with corneal nerve loss and painful neuropathic symptoms in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- Exclusion criteria in clinical trials of treatments for neuropathic pain: a systematic analysis.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Pioglitazone modulates metabolic adaptation and peripheral nerve regeneration after injury.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Article
- GLP-1 agonists: a game changer in pain treatment and addiction.Pain management · 2025Review
- Methods for the evaluation of corneal nerve fibres in diabetes mellitus by in vivo confocal microscopy: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Corneal Nerve Morphology in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: A Meta-Analysis of In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Studies.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Advances in GLP-1 receptor agonists for pain treatment and their future potential.The journal of headache and pain · 2025 · on this mapReview
- Small fiber pathology in fibromyalgia syndrome.Pain reports · 2025Review
- Relationship between BMI, indicators of lipid metabolism and diabetic neuropathy: a Mendelian randomization study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Practical guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease in China.Burns & trauma · 2025Article
- Serum neurofilament light chain levels in patients with small-fiber neuropathy.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2024Article
- Effect of different training modalities on lipid metabolism in patients with type ii diabetes mellitus: a network meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- Current Perspectives in Pre- and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Diagnosis and Management: An Expert Statement for the Gulf Region.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Review
- Serum neurofilament light chain levels in patients with small-fiber neuropathy.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2024Article
- Review
- Adaptive Autonomic and Neuroplastic Control in Diabetic Neuropathy: A Narrative Review.Current diabetes reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- Progressive loss of corneal nerve fibers is associated with physical inactivity and glucose lowering medication associated with weight gain in type 2 diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
AIMS/
introductionPainful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (pDPN) is associated with small nerve fiber degeneration and regeneration. This study investigated whether the presence of pDPN might influence nerve regeneration in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing intensive glycemic control. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis exploratory substudy of an open-label randomized controlled trial undertook the Douleur Neuropathique en 4 questionnaire and assessment of electrochemical skin conductance, vibration perception threshold and corneal nerve morphology using corneal confocal microscopy in participants with and without pDPN treated with exenatide and pioglitazone or basal-bolus insulin at baseline and 1-year follow up, and 18 controls at baseline only.
resultsParticipants with type 2 diabetes, with (n = 13) and without (n = 28) pDPN had comparable corneal nerve fiber measures, electrochemical skin conductance and vibration perception threshold at baseline, and pDPN was not associated with the severity of DPN. There was a significant glycated hemoglobin reduction (P < 0.0001) and weight gain (P < 0.005), irrespective of therapy. Participants with pDPN showed a significant increase in corneal nerve fiber density (P < 0.05), length (P < 0.0001) and branch density (P < 0.005), and a decrease in the Douleur Neuropathique en 4 score (P < 0.01), but no change in electrochemical skin conductance or vibration perception threshold. Participants without pDPN showed a significant increase in corneal nerve branch density (P < 0.01) and no change in any other neuropathy measures. A change in the severity of painful symptoms was not associated with corneal nerve regeneration and medication for pain.
conclusionsThis study showed that intensive glycemic control is associated with greater corneal nerve regeneration and an improvement in the severity of pain in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.