Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33716414›Full record

ArticleJournal of maxillofacial and oral surgery2021

SARS-CoV-2, Uncontrolled Diabetes and Corticosteroids-An Unholy Trinity in Invasive Fungal Infections of the Maxillofacial Region? A Retrospective, Multi-centric Analysis.

Aditya Moorthy, Rohith Gaikwad, Shreya Krishna, Raghuraj Hegde, K K Tripathi, Preeti G Kale, P Subramanya Rao, Deepak Haldipur, Krishnamurthy Bonanthaya

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 160 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
160citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
67.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

160 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 336 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 958 cases.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2023
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  17. Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis With Bilateral EndogenousCase reports in ophthalmological medicine · 2026
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100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Aditya MoorthyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Trust-Well Hospital, Bangalore, India.
Rohith GaikwadDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Trust-Well Hospital, Bangalore, India.
Shreya KrishnaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rangadore Memorial Hospital, 1st Cross Rd, Shankarapuram, Basavanagudi, Bangalore, Karnataka 560004 India.ORCID 0000-0001-8031-0014
Raghuraj HegdeOpthalmic Plastic Surgery and Opthalmic Oncology Service, Department of Opthalmology, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, India.
K K TripathiSchool of Behavioural Sciences, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat India.
Preeti G KaleDepartment of Opthalmology, Trust-Well Hospital, Bangalore, India.
P Subramanya RaoDepartment of ENT, Rangadore Memorial Hospital, Bangalore, India.
Deepak HaldipurDepartment of ENT, Trustwell Hospitals, Bangalore, India.
Krishnamurthy BonanthayaDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Bhagwan Mahaveer Jain Hospital, Bangalore, India.
Medical Trust Hospital · INBhagwan Mahaveer Jain Hospital · INColumbia Asia · INManipal Hospital · INM S Ramaiah Memorial Hospital · INNational Forensic Sciences University · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesCollate and analyse data of maxillofacial/rhino-cerebro-orbital fungal infections reported during the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, with the aim of investigating the common contributing factors leading to such infections and of highlighting the significance of this surge seen in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.

methodThis retrospective observational multi-centric study analysed patient data collected from clinicians belonging to different specialties in Bangalore, India. The data included the presentation and management of patients presenting with aggressive maxillofacial and rhino-cerebro-orbital fungal infections and explored the relationship between SARS-CoV-2, corticosteroid administration and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

resultsAll 18 patients were Covid positive. Sixteen of the 18 patients received steroids for Covid treatment and 16 patients were diabetic (of whom 15 patients who were diabetics received steroids for Covid-19 treatment). Loss of vision was noted in 12 of the 18 patients and 7 of them underwent orbital exenteration. The fungi noted was mucormycosis in 16 patients, aspergillosis in 1 patient and a mixed fungal infection in 1 patient. Eleven of the patients survived, 6 died and 1 was lost to follow-up. There was a significantly higher incidence of diabetes (

conclusionDespite the limited sample size, it is evident that there is a significant increase in the incidence of angioinvasive maxillofacial fungal infections in diabetic patients treated for SARS-CoV-2 with a strong association with corticosteroid administration.

Indexed as

AspergillosisCovid-19DiabetesMucormycosisRhino-cerebro-orbital

Identifiers

PMID33716414
PMCPMC7936599
OpenAlexW3133998830

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.