Evidence mapPaperPMID 33724204Full record

Trial reportJMIR mHealth and uHealth2021

A Smartphone App to Restore Optimal Weight (SPAROW) in Women With Recent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Karen Lim, Shiao-Yng Chan, Su Lin Lim, Bee Choo Tai, Cammy Tsai, Su Ren Wong, Siew Min Ang, Tong Wei Yew, E Shyong Tai, Eu Leong Yong

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03324737 (Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03324737 nacompletednot on this map

Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Control Trial With Interactive Smartphone App to Restore Optimal Weight in Women With Recent Gestational Diabetes

TypeinterventionalSponsorNational University Hospital, SingaporeRan2017 to 2019Enrolled200ConditionsGestational Diabetes, Weight Loss, Diet HabitArmsInteractive Smartphone App
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Informatics Interventions for Maternal Morbidity: Scoping Review.Interactive journal of medical research · 2025
    Review
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  12. Digital Tools to Support Postpartum Recovery: A Systematic Review.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Karen LimDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Hospital, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-8524-2177
Shiao-Yng ChanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Hospital, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-3530-3023
Su Lin LimDepartment of Dietetics, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-8478-3193
Bee Choo TaiSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-4420-7746
Cammy TsaiDepartment of Rehabilitation, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-1155-9152
Su Ren WongDepartment of Rehabilitation, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-5557-2813
Siew Min AngDepartment of Dietetics, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-3391-8454
Tong Wei YewDepartment of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-7349-3841
E Shyong TaiSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-2929-8966
Eu Leong YongDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Hospital, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-6511-770X
National University of Singapore · SGNational University Hospital · SGSingapore College of Traditional Chinese Medicine · SG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWomen with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Lifestyle interventions aimed at postpartum weight loss to reduce T2DM risk have been reported, but poor compliance remains a barrier. Smartphone-based interventions may improve compliance, but data on its use in women with recent GDM are limited.

objectiveThis trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of a smartphone app in restoring optimal weight following delivery in women with GDM, in the setting of a population with high rates of GDM and type 2 diabetes.

methodsIn this unblinded randomized controlled trial, 200 women with GDM were randomized to receive the intervention or standard care following delivery. The intervention enabled logging of weight, meals, and activity, with web-based interaction with a team comprising dieticians, a physiotherapist, and an occupational therapist. The primary outcome was an achievement of optimal weight (defined as the restoration of first trimester weight if first trimester BMI≤23 kg/m

resultsIn total, 40% (38/96) of women in the intervention group achieved optimal weight at 4 months post delivery compared with 32% (28/93) in the control group (P=.27). Compared with the control group, women in the intervention group reported significantly reduced caloric intake at 4 months after delivery (P<.001) and higher health-directed behavior scores (P=.045). The intervention group also reported increased emotional distress scores (P=.01). At 4 months, participant engagement with the intervention was maintained at 60.8% (SD 33.9%).

conclusionsAlthough a statistically significant increase in women achieving healthy weight was not observed, this app remains promising, as women in the intervention group reported improved health behaviors and lower caloric intake. Importantly, the high retention rates suggest that a larger study with a longer follow-up period might confirm the effectiveness of this app for weight management.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03324737; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03324737. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.1186/s12889-019-7691-3.

Indexed as

Diabetes, GestationalDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Mobile ApplicationsFemaleHumansPregnancyQuality of LifeSmartphonegestational diabetes mellitusmobile phonepreventionrandomized controlled trialweight loss

Identifiers

PMID33724204
PMCPMC8088857
OpenAlexW3136313020

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.