Trial reportJMIR mHealth and uHealth2021
A Smartphone App to Restore Optimal Weight (SPAROW) in Women With Recent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03324737 (Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Control Trial With Interactive Smartphone App to Restore Optimal Weight in Women With Recent Gestational Diabetes
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Digital Tools on Lifestyle & Health-Related Outcomes Across the Full Continuum of the Maternal Journey: A Systematic Review.Current obesity reports · 2026Pooled it
- Technology-Based Interventions for Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Following Gestational Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Postpartum life interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes in women with gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Addressing Preconception Behavior Change Through Mobile Phone Apps: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Mobile health applications in the management of hyperglycemia in pregnancy: a mini-review of current tools and future perspectives.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of the Internet of Things for Improving Pregnancy and Postpartum Women's Health in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Informatics Interventions for Maternal Morbidity: Scoping Review.Interactive journal of medical research · 2025Review
- The Impact of Mobile Health (mHealth) Apps on Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Digital Tools to Support Postpartum Recovery: A Systematic Review.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2025Review
- Developing a comprehensive structured program for managing gestational diabetes mellitus and preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese women: a multi-method study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Current Use and Discrepancies in the Adoption of Health-Related Internet of Things and Apps Among Working Women in Japan: Large-Scale, Internet-Based, Cross-Sectional Survey.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Article
- Gestational diabetes mellitus, follow-up of future maternal risk of cardiovascular disease and the use of eHealth technologies-a scoping review.Systematic reviews · 2023Article
- Article
- Cardiovascular risk management following gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a narrative review.The Medical journal of Australia · 2023Review
- Motivation and Limiting Factors for Adherence to Weight Loss Interventions among Patients with Obesity in Primary Care.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Assessing the Views and Needs of People at High Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus for the Development of Mobile Health Apps: Descriptive Qualitative Study.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWomen with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Lifestyle interventions aimed at postpartum weight loss to reduce T2DM risk have been reported, but poor compliance remains a barrier. Smartphone-based interventions may improve compliance, but data on its use in women with recent GDM are limited.
objectiveThis trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of a smartphone app in restoring optimal weight following delivery in women with GDM, in the setting of a population with high rates of GDM and type 2 diabetes.
methodsIn this unblinded randomized controlled trial, 200 women with GDM were randomized to receive the intervention or standard care following delivery. The intervention enabled logging of weight, meals, and activity, with web-based interaction with a team comprising dieticians, a physiotherapist, and an occupational therapist. The primary outcome was an achievement of optimal weight (defined as the restoration of first trimester weight if first trimester BMI≤23 kg/m
resultsIn total, 40% (38/96) of women in the intervention group achieved optimal weight at 4 months post delivery compared with 32% (28/93) in the control group (P=.27). Compared with the control group, women in the intervention group reported significantly reduced caloric intake at 4 months after delivery (P<.001) and higher health-directed behavior scores (P=.045). The intervention group also reported increased emotional distress scores (P=.01). At 4 months, participant engagement with the intervention was maintained at 60.8% (SD 33.9%).
conclusionsAlthough a statistically significant increase in women achieving healthy weight was not observed, this app remains promising, as women in the intervention group reported improved health behaviors and lower caloric intake. Importantly, the high retention rates suggest that a larger study with a longer follow-up period might confirm the effectiveness of this app for weight management.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03324737; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03324737. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.1186/s12889-019-7691-3.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.