Observational studyStroke and vascular neurology2021
sTWEAK is a marker of early haematoma growth and leukoaraiosis in intracerebral haemorrhage.
Observational study in Stroke and vascular neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- White Matter Hyperintensities and Functional Outcomes in Patients With Cerebral Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- In Vitro Analysis of TWEAK/Fn14 Axis in the Blood-Brain Barrier Models during Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Association between periodontitis, leukoaraiosis and sTWEAK. A case-control study.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Hyperthermia and Early Growth of Cerebral Infarct: The Potential Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Blood Progenitor Cell Mobilization Driven by TWEAK Promotes Neovascularization and Reduces Brain Damage in a Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Precision Medicine for Blood Glutamate Grabbing in Ischemic Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Observational
- Differential blood-based biomarkers of subcortical and deep brain small vessel disease.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2024Article
- Need for a Paradigm Shift in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke: The Blood-Brain Barrier.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Antihyperthermic Treatment in the Management of Malignant Infarction of the Middle Cerebral Artery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Posterior confluent white matter hyperintensities and intracerebral hemorrhage recurrence risk in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo study the association between early growth of haematoma with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction such as leukoaraiosis (LA) and the soluble tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH).
methodsThis is a retrospective observational study of patients with nontraumatic ICH. Clinical and biochemical parameters were analysed. sTWEAK levels were measured by ELISA. LA was analysed in the hemisphere without haemorrhage to avoid interference with the acute injury. The main endpoint was the haematoma growth evaluated by the difference in volume between the second and the initial neuroimage. Poor functional outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale >2 at 3 months, was considered as secondary endpoint. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to stablish the best cut-off for sTWEAK levels associated with haematoma growth.
resultsWe included 653 patients with ICH in our analysis (71.1±11.9 years, 44% women). Haematoma growth was observed in 188 patients (28.8%). sTWEAK levels ≥5600 pg/mL predicted ICH growth with a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 87%. sTWEAK levels ≥5600 pg/mL and the presence of LA were associated with haematoma growth (OR: 42.46; (CI 95% 22.67 to 79.52) and OR: 2.73 (CI 95% 1.39 to 5.34), respectively). Also, the presence of LA (OR: 4.31 (CI 95% 2.89 to 6.42)) and the interaction between ICH growth and sTWEAK (OR: 2.23 (CI 95% 1.40 to 3.55)) were associated with poor functional outcome at 3 months.
conclusionsTWEAKs, together with the presence and grade of LA, are biomarkers able to predict ICH growth and poor functional outcome in patients with ICH.
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