SynthesisJournal of translational medicine2021
High efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA treatment in patients with comorbid migraine and depression: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of translational medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Botulinum Toxin Type A for the Prevention of Migraines: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews.Toxins · 2026Pooled it
- Methodological considerations on real-world evidence studies of monoclonal antibodies against the CGRP-pathway for migraine: a systematic review.The journal of headache and pain · 2023Pooled it
- Botox (OnabotulinumtoxinA) for Treatment of Migraine Symptoms: A Systematic Review.Pain research & management · 2022Pooled it
- Unveiling state-specific neural dynamics in migraine with and without depressive symptom: a hidden Markov model and interpretable machine learning approach.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Causal influences of migraine on neuropsychiatric disorders: A 2-sample Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Facial Botulinum Toxin A Injections in Alleviating Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease Patients: An Open-Label, Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- The Esthetic Use of Botulinum Toxins in Cancer Patients: Providing a Foundation for Future Indications.Toxins · 2025Review
- Depression Treatment: Is There a Role for Botulinum Toxin Type A?Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Psychopathological variables in chronic migraine patients with different therapeutic approach: psychological profile differences and impact on therapeutic efficacy in real life.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Beyond Pain: The Effects of OnabotulinumtoxinA Therapy on Sensitization and Interictal Symptoms in Chronic Migraine.Toxins · 2024Review
- Real-world effectiveness of Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies compared to OnabotulinumtoxinA (RAMO) in chronic migraine: a retrospective, observational, multicenter, cohort study.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Observational
- The effectiveness and predictors influencing the outcome of onabotulinumtoxinA treatment in chronic migraine: understanding from diverse patient profiles in a single session.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Tryptophan metabolism as bridge between gut microbiota and brain in chronic social defeat stress-induced depression mice.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- The Microbiota-Dependent Treatment of Wuzhuyu Decoction for Chronic Migraine Model Rat Associated with Anxiety-Depression Like Behavior.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2023Article
- Treatment of Depression with Botulinum Toxin.Toxins · 2022Review
- Alteration of gut microbiota in migraine patients with irritable bowel syndrome in a Chinese Han population.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Pharmacogenetics in Primary Headache Disorders.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMigraine and depression are highly prevalent and partly overlapping disorders that cause strong limitations in daily life. Patients tend to respond poorly to the therapies available for these diseases. OnabotulinumtoxinA has been proven to be an effective treatment for both migraine and depression. While many studies have addressed the effect of onabotulinumtoxinA in migraine or depression separately, a growing body of evidence suggests beneficial effects also for patients comorbid with migraine and depression. The current meta-analysis systematically investigates to what extent onabotulinumtoxinA is efficient in migraineurs with depression.
methodsA systematic literature search was performed based on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from the earliest date till October [Formula: see text], 2020. Mean, standard deviation (SD) and sample size have been used to evaluate improvement in depressive symptoms and migraine using random-effects empirical Bayes model.
resultsOur search retrieved 259 studies, eight of which met the inclusion criteria. OnabotulinumtoxinA injections administered to patients with both chronic migraine and major depressive disorder led to mean reduction of [Formula: see text] points (CI [[Formula: see text]], [Formula: see text]) in the BDI scale, of [Formula: see text] points (CI [[Formula: see text]], [Formula: see text]) in the BDI-II scale and of [Formula: see text] points (CI [[Formula: see text]], [Formula: see text]) in the PHQ-9 scale, when evaluating depressive symptoms. In the case of the migraine-related symptoms, we found mean reductions of [Formula: see text] (CI [[Formula: see text]], [Formula: see text]) points in the HIT6 scale, [Formula: see text] (CI [[Formula: see text]], [Formula: see text]) in the MIDAS scale, [Formula: see text] (CI [[Formula: see text]], [Formula: see text]) points in the VAS scale and of [Formula: see text] (CI [[Formula: see text]], [Formula: see text]) migraine episodes per month. Comorbid patients showed slightly better improvements in BDI, HIT6 scores and migraine frequency compared to monomorbid patients. The latter group manifested better results in MIDAS and VAS scores.
conclusionTreatment with onabotulinumtoxinA leads to a significant reduction of disease severity of both chronic migraine and major depressive disorder in patients comorbid with both diseases. Comparative analyses suggest an equivalent strong effect in monomorbid and comorbid patients, with beneficial effects specifically seen for certain migraine features.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.