Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33790598›Full record

ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2021

Incidence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Predictors Among Newly Diagnosed Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Retrospective Follow-up Study at Tertiary Health-care Setting of Ethiopia.

Gebiso Roba Debele, Shuma Gosha Kanfe, Adisu Birhanu Weldesenbet, Galana Mamo Ayana, Wakuma Wakene Jifar, Temam Beshir Raru

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Gebiso Roba DebeleDepartment of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia.
Shuma Gosha KanfeDepartment of Health Informatics, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0001-9118-296X
Adisu Birhanu WeldesenbetDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collage of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0003-3964-4252
Galana Mamo AyanaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collage of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0001-6082-0172
Wakuma Wakene JifarDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia.
Temam Beshir RaruDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Collage of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-4389-3553
Ethiopian Civil Service University · ETHaramaya University · ET

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWith an increasing number of diabetes patients in developing countries, the burden of diabetes-related blindness is undoubtedly posing a massive challenge to the sustainable health care system due to the cost of care. Despite this fact, to date, most of the epidemiological research on diabetic retinopathy (DR) in eastern Africa, including Ethiopia, has been limited to survey studies. Thus, we determined the incidence of retinopathy and its predictors among diabetic patients in Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia.

methodsA retrospective follow-up study was conducted on 402 randomly selected diabetic patients of aged ≥15 years. A preliminary reviewed checklist was used to obtain information on the demographics, clinical and physiological attributes. Data were entered using EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using Stata version 14. All variables at

resultsThroughout a median follow-up period of 5.9 years, the cumulative incidence of DR was 20.15% (95%CI: 16.50-24.37) and the incidence rate was 36.9 per 1000 person years (PY) (95%CI: 29.7-45.9). Multivariable Weibull AFT regression analyses showed that type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (adjusted time ratio (ATR) 0.4095%CI: 0.20-0.78), hypertension (HTN) (ATR 0.54; 95%CI: [0.35, 0.82]), low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (ATR 0.51; 95%CI: 0.36-0.73), and borderline high total cholesterol (TC) (ATR 0.63; 95%CI: 0.42-0.94) were a predictor of time to DR.

conclusionThe overall incidence of DR among patients with diabetes mellitus was estimated to be 20.15% and is becoming a public health burden in Ethiopia. Our results indicate that T2DM, HTN, low HDL-C and borderline high TC independently predicts an increased incidence/decreased survival time of retinopathy among diabetes patients. The low HDL-C, HTN, and high TC are modifiable risk factors that should be managed along with diabetes.

Indexed as

diabetes mellitusdiabetic retinopathyincidencepredictors

Identifiers

PMID33790598
PMCPMC7997545
OpenAlexW3136393092

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.