Trial reportNutrients2021
A Ketogenic Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet Increases LDL Cholesterol in Healthy, Young, Normal-Weight Women: A Randomized Controlled Feeding Trial.
Trial report in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05350657 (Ketogenic Dietary Patterns in Young Adults and Kidney Health), which is not on this map. Cited by 69 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Ketogenic Dietary Patterns in Young Adults and Kidney Health
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ketogenic diet-induced changes in adult lipid metabolism: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Adverse events and tolerability of ketogenic diets - a systematic literature analysis.BMC nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of exercise combined with different dietary interventions on cardiovascular health a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Low-carbohydrate diets reduce cardiovascular risk factor levels in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
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- Effects of a Ketogenic Diet on Body Composition in Healthy, Young, Normal-Weight Women: A Randomized Controlled Feeding Trial.Nutrients · 2024Trial
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- Effects of a Non-Energy-Restricted Ketogenic Diet on Clinical Oral Parameters. An Exploratory Pilot Trial.Nutrients · 2021Trial
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- Preferences and recommendations from content creators on carnivore diets: a social media analysis.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Ketogenic Diets and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Adults With Normal Weight: An Emerging Clinical Challenge.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Review
- In vivo assessment of the recovery of myocardial pyruvate dehydrogenase activity following a ketogenic diet.Cardiovascular research · 2026Article
- Sarcopenia and MASLD: novel insights and the future.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Carnivore Diet: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence, Potential Benefits and Risks.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Hidden Hunger in Pediatric Obesity: Redefining Malnutrition Through Macronutrient Quality and Micronutrient Deficiency.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Nutritional Approaches and Supplementation in Lipedema Management: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence.Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- Effect of time restricted feeding with low carbohydrate, high protein and fat diet without calorie restriction on body weight, blood sugar and lipid profile over 6 months: a retrospective cohort study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Ketogenic low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF) diets are popular among young, healthy, normal-weight individuals for various reasons. We aimed to investigate the effect of a ketogenic LCHF diet on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (primary outcome), LDL cholesterol subfractions and conventional cardiovascular risk factors in the blood of healthy, young, and normal-weight women. The study was a randomized, controlled, feeding trial with crossover design. Twenty-four women were assigned to a 4 week ketogenic LCHF diet (4% carbohydrates; 77% fat; 19% protein) followed by a 4 week National Food Agency recommended control diet (44% carbohydrates; 33% fat; 19% protein), or the reverse sequence due to the crossover design. Treatment periods were separated by a 15 week washout period. Seventeen women completed the study and treatment effects were evaluated using mixed models. The LCHF diet increased LDL cholesterol in every woman with a treatment effect of 1.82 mM (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.