Trial reportNutrients2021
A Polyphenol Enriched Variety of Apple Alters Circulating Immune Cell Gene Expression and Faecal Microbiota Composition in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Polyphenols as Modulators ofNutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Purple Potato and Its Polyphenols Modulate Cecal Fermentation in Rats.Preventive nutrition and food science · 2026Article
- Effect of Caffeic Acid and a Static Magnetic Field on Human Fibroblasts at the Molecular Level - Next-generation Sequencing Analysis.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Apple Polyphenol Mitigates Diabetic Nephropathy via Attenuating Renal Dysfunction with Antioxidation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Changes in Color and Image Parameters and Sensory Attributes of Freeze-Dried Clones and a Cultivar of Red-Fleshed Apples.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Development and Evaluation of a Literature-Based Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Relationships between Habitual Polyphenol Consumption and Gut Microbiota in the INCLD Health Cohort.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Polyphenols Influence the Development of Endometrial Cancer by Modulating the Gut Microbiota.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Article
- Beneficial metabolic transformations and prebiotic potential of hemp bran and its alcalase hydrolysate, after colonic fermentation in a gut model.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Apple Polyphenol Extract SuppressesMetabolites · 2022Article
- Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics Research in New Zealand, and Its Relevance and Application to Gastrointestinal Health.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Article
- Fruit and Vegetable Supplemented Diet Modulates the Pig Transcriptome and Microbiome after a Two-Week Feeding Intervention.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Article
- Anthocyanins in Colorectal Cancer Prevention Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Anthocyanins: From Mechanisms of Regulation in Plants to Health Benefits in Foods.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Polyphenols within fruits and vegetables may contribute to health benefits due to their consumption, with the anthocyanin sub-set also adding colour. The Lemonade™ apple variety has green skin and white flesh, with low anthocyanin content, while some apple varieties have high anthocyanin content in both the skin and flesh. Effects of red compared with white-fleshed apples were studied in healthy human subjects in a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention trial. Twenty-five healthy subjects consumed dried daily portions of the red-fleshed or placebo (white-fleshed) apple for two weeks, followed by one-week washout and further two-week crossover period. During the study, volunteers provided faecal samples for microbiota composition analysis and blood samples for peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression analysis. Subtle differences were observed in the faecal microbiota of subjects that were fed the different apples, with significant (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.