ReviewNutrients2021
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sodium Intake in Dialysis and Non-Dialysis CKD Patients.
Review in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vegetarian diet is associated with a lower risk of chronic kidney disease in a population-based study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Identification of shared diagnostic biomarkers and molecular pathways between chronic kidney disease and renal cell carcinoma using transcriptomics and machine learning.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Rethinking Nutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease: Plant Foods, Bioactive Compounds, and the Shift Beyond Traditional Limitations: A Narrative Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Dietary sodium intake and all-cause mortality in kidney stone patients: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Joint effects of sodium intake and circadian rhythm of urinary sodium excretion on prognosis of chronic kidney disease: a prospective study.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2025Article
- Personalized nutritional management in the transition from non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease to dialysis.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2024Article
- Article
- Sodium, potassium intake, and all-cause mortality: confusion and new findings.BMC public health · 2024Observational
- Calcium carbonate-enriched cheese to improve nutrition, compliance and phosphorus control in patients on kidney replacement therapy.Journal of nephrology · 2022Article
- Article
- Association between salt intake and long-term mortality in hemodialysis patients: A retrospective cohort study.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sodium intake theoretically has dual effects on both non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and dialysis patients. One negatively affects mortality by increasing proteinuria and blood pressure. The other positively affects mortality by ameliorating nutritional status through appetite induced by salt intake and the amount of food itself, which is proportional to the amount of salt under the same salty taste. Sodium restriction with enough water intake easily causes hyponatremia in CKD and dialysis patients. Moreover, the balance of these dual effects in dialysis patients is likely different from their balance in non-dialysis CKD patients because dialysis patients lose kidney function. Sodium intake is strongly related to water intake via the thirst center. Therefore, sodium intake is strongly related to extracellular fluid volume, blood pressure, appetite, nutritional status, and mortality. To decrease mortality in both non-dialysis and dialysis CKD patients, sodium restriction is an essential and important factor that can be changed by the patients themselves. However, under sodium restriction, it is important to maintain the balance of negative and positive effects from sodium intake not only in dialysis and non-dialysis CKD patients but also in the general population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.