ArticlePublic health nutrition2021
Association between 24-h urinary sodium to potassium ratio and mild cognitive impairment in community-based general population.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of High Dietary Salt on Neurovascular and Cognitive Functions.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Review
- The Relationship Between Dietary Sodium Intake and Cognitive Function: A Narrative Review.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Depression reduces cognitive function partly through effects on BMI and hypertension: a large observational study and Mendelian randomization analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2025Observational
- Dietary salt, vascular dysfunction, and cognitive impairment.Cardiovascular research · 2025Review
- Cross-sectional association between plasma aldosterone concentration and cognitive performance by mini-mental state examination in community dwellers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Lower 24-h urinary potassium excretion is associated with higher prevalent depression and anxiety status in general population.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- Urinary Hydration Biomarkers and Water Sources in Older Adults with Neurocognitive Disorder.Nutrients · 2023Article
- 24-hour urinary potassium excretion is negatively associated with self-reported sleep quality in the general population, independently of sleep-disordered breathing.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Article
- Blood copper excess is associated with mild cognitive impairment in elderly Chinese.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo explore the relationship between parameters of Na and K excretion using 24-h urine sample and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in general population.
designThis is a cross-sectional study.
settingCommunity-based general population in Emin China.
participantsTotally, 1147 subjects aged ≥18 years were selected to complete the study, with a multistage proportional random sampling method. Cognitive status was assessed with Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire and timed 24-h urine specimens were collected. Finally, 561 participants aged ≥35 years with complete urine sample and MMSE data were included for the current analysis and divided into groups by tertiles of 24-h urinary sodium to potassium ratio (24-h UNa/K) as lowest (T1), middle (T2) and highest (T3) groups.
resultsThe MMSE score was significantly lower in T3, compared with the T1 group (26·0 v. 25·0, P = 0·002), and the prevalent MCI was significantly higher in T3 than in T1 group (11·7 % v. 25·8 %, P < 0·001). In multiple linear regression, 24-UNa/K (β: -0·184, 95 % CI -0·319, -0·050, P = 0·007) was negatively associated with MMSE score. In multivariable logistic regression, compared with T1 group, 24-h UNa/K in the T2 and T3 groups showed 2·01 (95 % CI 1·03, 3·93, P = 0·041) and 3·38 (95 % CI 1·77, 6·44, P < 0·001) fold odds for presence of MCI, even after adjustment for confounders. More augmented results were demonstrated in sensitivity analysis by excluding individuals taking anti-hypertensive agents.
conclusionsHigher 24-h UNa/K is in an independent association with prevalent MCI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.