Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33822303›Full record

ReviewReviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders2022

Leptin, the brain and energy homeostasis: From an apparently simple to a highly complex neuronal system.

Margherita Maffei, Antonio Giordano

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. The Intimate Relationship between Adipose Tissue, Fertility, and Bone.Journal of frailty, sarcopenia and falls · 2026
    Review
  6. ExploringBiomolecules & therapeutics · 2026
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. SARS-CoV-2 Infection Alters the Phenotype and Gene Expression of Adipocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Effect of fasting on short-term visual plasticity in adult humans.The European journal of neuroscience · 2023
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Margherita MaffeiInstitute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy. m.maffei@ifc.cnr.it.ORCID 0000-0002-8534-2450
Antonio GiordanoDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020, Ancona, Italy. a.giordano@univpm.it.ORCID 0000-0003-1401-5855
Marche Polytechnic University · ITUniversity of Pisa · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Leptin, produced and secreted by white adipose tissue in tight relationship with adipose mass, informs the brain about the status of the energy stores serving as the main peripheral signal for energy balance regulation through interaction with a multitude of highly interconnected neuronal populations. Most obese patients display resistance to the anorectic effect of the hormone. The present review unravels the multiple levels of complexity that trigger hypothalamic response to leptin with the objective of highlighting those critical hubs that, mainly in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, may undergo obesity-induced alterations and create an obstacle to leptin action. Several mechanisms underlying leptin resistance have been proposed, possibly representing useful targets to empower leptin effects. Among these, a special focus is herein dedicated to detail how leptin gains access into the brain and how neuronal plasticity may interfere with leptin function.

Indexed as

HypothalamusLeptinBody WeightBrainEnergy MetabolismHomeostasisHumansLeptinBlood-brain barrierBrain-derived neurotrophic factorCiliary neurotrophic factorFluoxetineHypothalamusLeptin resistanceNeural plasticityObesity

Identifiers

PMID33822303
OpenAlexW3146887365

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.