ReviewPigment cell & melanoma research2021
The evolution of human skin pigmentation involved the interactions of genetic, environmental, and cultural variables.
Review in Pigment cell & melanoma research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ancient DNA and Human Physiology.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Sleep Duration and Sun Exposure in Portuguese Children: Associations With Obesity Indicators.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2026Article
- Features of Skin of Color.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2026Review
- Health Implications of Colorism: A Narrative Review of the Literature.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of serum vitamin D and haematological parameters among paediatric sickle cell and non-sickle cell patients at a teaching hospital in Accra, Ghana: a case-control study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- From Sunlight to Signaling: Evolutionary Integration of Vitamin D and Sterol Metabolism.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Dark Skin Evolution in Early Humans: Revisiting the Skin Cancer Hypothesis Through Migration-Related Mismatch.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Review
- The genetic architecture of human skin pigmentation: evolution and adaptation across global populations.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Vitamin D in the UK: an urgent call to redefine the threshold for deficiency.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Not by Selection Alone: Expanding the Scope of Gene-Culture Coevolution.Evolutionary anthropology · 2025Review
- The Genetics and Evolution of Human Pigmentation.Biology · 2025Review
- Neuro-immuno-endocrinology of the skin: how environment regulates body homeostasis.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Inference of human pigmentation from ancient DNA by genotype likelihoods.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Lipidome Complexity in Physiological and Pathological Skin Pigmentation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Beneficial health effects of ultraviolet radiation: expert review and conference report.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2025Review
- Assessment of the Influence of UVR in Cutaneous Melanoma.Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine · 2025Review
- Cultural evolution: Where we have been and where we are going (maybe).Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Skin Phototype Classification with Machine Learning Based on Broadband Optical Measurements.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Spectrophotometric Method to Determine Minimal Erythema Dose for Ultraviolet Radiation in Human Skin.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Actinic Keratosis. What is New for The Management for Sun-Damaged Skin.Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The primary biological role of human skin pigmentation is as a mediator of penetration of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) into the deep layers of skin and the cutaneous circulation. Since the origin of Homo sapiens, dark, protective constitutive pigmentation and strong tanning abilities have been favored under conditions of high UVR and represent the baseline condition for modern humans. The evolution of partly depigmented skin and variable tanning abilities has occurred multiple times in prehistory, as populations have dispersed into environments with lower and more seasonal UVR regimes, with unique complements of genes and cultural practices. The evolution of extremes of dark pigmentation and depigmentation has been rare and occurred only under conditions of extremely high or low environmental UVR, promoted by positive selection on variant pigmentation genes followed by limited gene flow. Over time, the evolution of human skin pigmentation has been influenced by the nature and course of human dispersals and modifications of cultural practices, which have modified the nature and actions of skin pigmentation genes. Throughout most of prehistory and history, the evolution of human skin pigmentation has been a contingent and non-deterministic process.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.