ArticleHeart & lung : the journal of critical care
The incidence of pleural effusion in COVID-19 pneumonia: State-of-the-art review.
Article in Heart & lung : the journal of critical care. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Resistance Paradox in COVID-19 Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study on Rapid Molecular Stewardship.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Ten Questions on Using Lung Ultrasonography to Diagnose and Manage Pneumonia in Hospital-at-Home Model: Part III-Synchronicity and Foresight.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Analyzing pleural fluid attributes in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- Immune-mediated extraocular myositis in an adolescent following coronavirus disease 2019: A case report.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
- Article
- Rates of PCR Positivity of Pleural Drainage Fluid in COVID-19 Patients: Is It Expected?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Nuts and bolts of lung ultrasound: utility, scanning techniques, protocols, and findings in common pathologies.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Review
- Pericardial and Pleural Effusions in Non-ICU Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19-A Retrospective Single-Center Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Pleural fluid characteristics of patients with COVID-19 infection.The clinical respiratory journal · 2024Article
- Tiny Lungs, Big Differences: Navigating the Varied COVID-19 Landscape in Neonates vs. Infants via Biomarkers and Lung Ultrasound.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Outcomes of Tube Thoracostomies in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study in the University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital COVID-19 Referral Center.Acta medica Philippina · 2024Article
- Automatic deep learning-based pleural effusion segmentation in lung ultrasound images.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2023Article
- Novel Risks of Unfavorable Corticosteroid Response in Patients with Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19 Identified Using Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Analysis of Chest Radiographs.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Pleural Effusion in COVID-19 Pneumonia: Clinical and Prognostic Implications-An Observational, Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- "Keep it simple - a lesson from COVID-19": highlighting the utility of chest X-rays in ARDS-associated illnesses through the Zonal Scoring System.Polish journal of radiology · 2023Article
- A Single-Center Experience on the Treatment Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19-Pleural Disorders: Lessons for the Future.Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) · 2023Article
- Automatic deep learning-based consolidation/collapse classification in lung ultrasound images for COVID-19 induced pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A severe presentation of breakthrough infection caused by the Omicron variant with radiological findings of COVID-19 pneumonia in an elderly woman.Radiology case reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19-related pleural effusions are frequently described during the ongoing pandemic.
objectivesWe described the incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of COVID-19-related pleural effusions based on the current evidence available in the literature.
methodsWe searched MEDLINE, Pubmed, and Google Scholar databases using keywords of "coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)," "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)," "pleural effusion," "pleural fluid," and "pleura" from January 1st, 2020 to January 31st, 2021.
resultsThe incidence of pleural effusions was low at 7.3% among the 47 observational studies. Pleural effusions were commonly observed in critically ill patients and had Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS). COVID-19-related pleural effusions were identified 5-7 days and 11 days, after hospital admission and onset of COVD-19 symptoms. The characteristic findings of pleural fluid were exudative, lymphocytic or neutrophilic-predominant pleural fluid with markedly elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and pleural fluid to serum LDH ratio.
conclusionA well-designed study is required to assess the significance of COVID-19-related pleural effusions during this current pandemic.
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