ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2021
Cardiovascular effects of approved drugs for rheumatoid arthritis.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events with tofacitinib versus tumour necrosis factor inhibitors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with or without a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a post hoc analysis from ORAL Surveillance.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2023Trial
- The risk of venous thromboembolism in RA.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- [Cardiovascular risk in inflammatory rheumatic diseases : Evidence-based strategies for risk reduction in rheumatologic practice].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2026Review
- [Consensus statement of the Austrian Society for Rheumatology and Rehabilitation on the management of increased cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and spondyloarthritis].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Article
- Pathogenic Drivers of Difficult-to-Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis: Synovium and Beyond.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Lipid parameters and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional analysis of the Kuwait registry for rheumatic diseases (KRRD).Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Integrating multi-omics, machine learning, and molecular dynamics simulations to identify glutamate metabolism-related biomarkers and drug candidates in rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Association of Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) with Cardiovascular Diseases: Evidence from a Drug Target Mendelian Randomization Study.Global heart · 2026Article
- Exploring cardiovascular risk management implementation in Dutch rheumatoid arthritis patients: insights from rheumatologists and patients.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2026Article
- Anti-arthritic appraisal of Acorus calamus L. extracts in complete Freund's adjuvant‑induced arthritic Wistar rats via regulating inflammatory cytokines and OPG/RANKL pathway.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Safety of TNF-α inhibitors therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: an umbrella review.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Post-Translational Modifications of Lipoproteins: Emerging Players Linking Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Metabolomics in spondylarthritis.BMC rheumatology · 2025Article
- Risk of acute myocardial infarction associated with anti-rheumatic agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a nationwide population-based case-control study.Journal of rheumatic diseases · 2025Article
- Metabolomics for Distinguishing Cardiovascular Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis Across Different Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug Therapies.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2025Article
- The Frequency of Cardiovascular Diseases in Rheumatoid Arthritis in Brazil: 10-year Cohort Study with DATASUS Databases.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Article
- Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription inhibitors in type 1 diabetes and immune checkpoint-related diabetes: current status and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Innovative Lipid Nanoparticles Co-Delivering Hydroxychloroquine and siRNA for Enhanced Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Rheumatic diseases and metabolism: where centre and periphery meet.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The risk of cardiovascular disease is increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with the general population owing to the influence of traditional and non-traditional risk factors. Inflammation has a pivotal contribution and can accelerate the atherosclerotic process. Although dampening inflammation with DMARDs should theoretically abrogate this process, evidence suggests that these drugs can also promote atherosclerosis directly and indirectly, hence adding to an increased cardiovascular burden. However, the extent and direction of the effects largely differ across drugs. Understanding how these drugs influence endothelial damage and vascular repair mechanisms is key to understanding these outcomes. NSAIDs and glucocorticoids can increase the cardiovascular risk. Conversely, conventional, biologic and targeted DMARDs control inflammation and reduce this risk, although some of these drugs can also aggravate traditional factors or thrombotic events. Given these data, the fundamental objective for clinicians should be disease control, in an individualized approach that considers the most appropriate drug for each patient, taking into account joint and cardiovascular outcomes. This Review provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of DMARDs and other approved drugs on cardiovascular involvement in rheumatoid arthritis, from a clinical and mechanistic perspective, with a roadmap to inform the research agenda.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.