ArticlePLoS genetics2021
DNA methylation patterns expose variations in enhancer-chromatin modifications during embryonic stem cell differentiation.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Epigenetic Regulation of Production Traits in Ruminants: Implications for Breeding and Selection.Biology · 2026Review
- Sequencing DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation at co-occurring chromatin features.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Distinct roles of TET-mediated cytosine oxidation in neural stem cell fate decisions.Stem cell reports · 2025Article
- Epigenetic disruption of adipogenic gene enhancers in dedifferentiated liposarcomas and its therapeutic value.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Hypomethylation of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Osteoarthritis as an Enhanceropathy: Gene Regulation in Complex Musculoskeletal Disease.Current rheumatology reports · 2024Review
- DNA methylation analysis to differentiate reference, breed, and parent-of-origin effects in the bovine pangenome era.GigaScience · 2024Article
- Cis-regulatory atlas of primary human CD4+ T cells.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- DNA Methylation Analysis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Changes in DNA methylation hallmark alterations in chromatin accessibility and gene expression for eye lens differentiation.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2022Article
- Pterostilbene Changes Epigenetic Marks at Enhancer Regions of Oncogenes in Breast Cancer Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In mammals, cellular identity is defined through strict regulation of chromatin modifications and DNA methylation that control gene expression. Methylation of cytosines at CpG sites in the genome is mainly associated with suppression; however, the reason for enhancer-specific methylation is not fully understood. We used sequential ChIP-bisulfite-sequencing for H3K4me1 and H3K27ac histone marks. By collecting data from the same genomic region, we identified enhancers differentially methylated between these two marks. We observed a global gain of CpG methylation primarily in H3K4me1-marked nucleosomes during mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation. This gain occurred largely in enhancer regions that regulate genes critical for differentiation. The higher levels of DNA methylation in H3K4me1- versus H3K27ac-marked enhancers, despite it being the same genomic region, indicates cellular heterogeneity of enhancer states. Analysis of single-cell RNA-seq profiles demonstrated that this heterogeneity correlates with gene expression during differentiation. Furthermore, heterogeneity of enhancer methylation correlates with transcription start site methylation. Our results provide insights into enhancer-based functional variation in complex biological systems.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.