ReviewTrends in cancer2021
Therapeutic Repurposing of Biguanides in Cancer.
Review in Trends in cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular Matrix-MYCAF Signatures Correlate with Resistance to Neoadjuvant aPD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibition with Durvalumab + Metformin in HPV+ HNSCC.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Trial
- Unraveling autophagy-metabolism crosstalk in cancer: Molecular insights and therapeutic strategies.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Tumor metabolic plasticity in therapy resistance: from the Warburg effect to mitochondrial hijacking.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming in diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG): dual inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and lactate metabolism to enhance anti-tumor and radiosensitizing effects in DIPG cells.Cancer & metabolism · 2025Article
- Novel combination therapy with phenformin enhances the effects of lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma via AMPK-mediated PDGFRβ degradation.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- A novel biguanide-derivative promotes NEDD4-mediated FGFR1 ubiquitination through BMI1 to overcome osimertinib resistance in NSCLC.Cancer biology & medicine · 2025Article
- Environmental factors capable of broadly interfering with nutritional lifespan extension paradigms.iScience · 2025Article
- Inhibition of mitochondrial bioenergetics and hypoxia to radiosensitize diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Effects of Biguanide-PROTACs in Pancreatic Cancer Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Progress in antitumor mechanisms and applications of phenformin (Review).Oncology reports · 2024Review
- Non-coding RNAs as potential targets in metformin therapy for cancer.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Mechanisms of NMDA Receptor Inhibition by Biguanide Compounds.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Mechanistic Insights on Metformin and Arginine Implementation as Repurposed Drugs in Glioblastoma Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Tumor initiation and early tumorigenesis: molecular mechanisms and interventional targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Strong Bases and beyond: The Prominent Contribution of Neutral Push-Pull Organic Molecules towards Superbases in the Gas Phase.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Phenformin activates ER stress to promote autophagic cell death via NIBAN1 and DDIT4 in oral squamous cell carcinoma independent of AMPK.International journal of oral science · 2024Article
- [Metformin suppresses hypoxia-inducible factor-1Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2024Article
- Systematic Investigation of Dose-Dependent Protein Thermal Stability Changes to Uncover the Mechanisms of the Pleiotropic Effects of Metformin.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Biguanides are a class of antidiabetic drugs that includes phenformin and metformin; however, the former was withdrawn from approval in many countries due to its toxicity. Findings from retrospective epidemiological studies in diabetic populations and preclinical laboratory models have demonstrated that biguanides possess antitumor activities that suggest their repurposing for cancer prevention and treatment. However, a better understanding of how these biguanides behave as antitumor agents is needed to guide their improved applications in cancer therapy, spurring increased interest in their pharmacology. Here, we present evidence for proposed mechanisms of action related to their antitumor activity, including their effects on central carbon metabolism in cancer cells and immune-modulating activity, and then review progress on biguanide repurposing in cancer therapeutics and the possible re-evaluation of phenformin as a cancer therapeutic agent.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.