Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33889003›Full record

ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2021

Vitamin D/VDR Protects Against Diabetic Kidney Disease by Restoring Podocytes Autophagy.

Zhixia Song, Chao Xiao, Xiaoli Jia, Chunhua Luo, Lang Shi, Rong Xia, Jiefu Zhu, Shizhong Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Impact of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor activator in diabetic nephropathy.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2025
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  17. Vitamin D and Diabetic Kidney Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  18. Article
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  20. The Role of Vitamin D in Diabetic Nephropathy: A Translational Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Zhixia Song *Department of Nephrology, The First Clinical Medical College of Three Gorges University, Center People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, People's Republic of China.
Chao Xiao *Three Gorges University College of Medical Science, Yichang, 443000, People's Republic of China.
Xiaoli JiaThree Gorges University College of Medical Science, Yichang, 443000, People's Republic of China.
Chunhua LuoDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Clinical Medical College of Three Gorges University, Center People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, People's Republic of China.
Lang ShiDepartment of Nephrology, The First Clinical Medical College of Three Gorges University, Center People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, People's Republic of China.
Rong XiaDepartment of Nephrology, The First Clinical Medical College of Three Gorges University, Center People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, People's Republic of China.
Jiefu ZhuCenter of Nephrology and Dialysis, Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
Shizhong ZhangThree Gorges University College of Medical Science, Yichang, 443000, People's Republic of China.
Yichang Central People's Hospital · CNChina Three Gorges University · CNWuhan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe present study is to investigate the effect of vitamin D/Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) signaling on podocyte autophagy in diabetic nephropathy.

methodsKidney tissue sections from patients with diabetic nephropathy and nontumor kidney were checked under electronic microscope and VDR immunohistochemistry. Diabetic rat models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg). Calcitriol treatment was achieved by gavage at dose of 0.1μg/kg/d. Blood, urine and kidney tissue specimens were used for serum, urine biochemistry, histopathology and molecular biology testing. Podocyte cell line MPC-5 was cultured under hyperglycaemic conditions in the absence or presence of 100 nmol/L calcitriol to investigate podocyte injury and autophagy.

resultsVDR and autophagosomes in podocytes were significantly decreased in renal biopsy from patients with diabetic nephropathy, compared to healthy kidney tissue. Rats with STZ treatment developed typical diabetic kidney disease with low VDR expression. Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, could activate VDR and attenuate diabetic nephropathy including proteinuria and glomerular sclerosis. Calcitriol treatment also alleviated the podocyte foot process fusion, reduced podocyte injury marker desmin and preserved slit diaphragms proteins in diabetic nephropathy. Reduced LC3II/I, Beclin-1 and elevated p62 in renal homogenate and reduced autophagosomes and LC3II in podocytes indicated podocytes autophagy impairment in diabetic nephropathy. Whereas calcitriol treatment restored podocyte autophagy activities. In cultured podocytes, the protective effect of calcitriol against high glucose induced podocyte injury could be abated by autophagy inhibitor chloroquine.

conclusionOur study delivered the evidence that calcitriol/VDR signaling attenuated diabetic nephropathy and podocytes injury by restoring podocytes autophagy. This finding may have potential implication for exploring protective mechanisms of calcitriol/VDR in diabetic nephropathy.

Indexed as

autophagycalcitrioldiabetic nephropathypodocytevitamin D receptor

Identifiers

PMID33889003
PMCPMC8057803
OpenAlexW3155556212

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.