ArticlePloS one2021
Quality of life among pregnant women with urinary incontinence: A cross-sectional study in a Malaysian primary care clinic.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04762433 (Parallel-Group, Randomised Single-centred, Single-blind, Pilot and Feasibility Study for KEPT-app Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Parallel-Group, Randomised Single-centred, Single-blind, Pilot and Feasibility Study for KEPT-app Trial: Study Protocol
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persuasive Technology in an mHealth App Designed for Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Among Women: Systematic Review.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2022Pooled it
- Feasibility and Usability of Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training App (KEPT App) among Pregnant Women with Urinary Incontinence.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Preliminary Effectiveness of mHealth App-Based Pelvic Floor Muscle Training among Pregnant Women to Improve Their Exercise Adherence: A Pilot Randomised Control Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Potential factors influencing quality of life in Chinese adult women with urinary incontinence: a nationwide cross-sectional study.World journal of urology · 2026Article
- Involuntary Urine Loss in Menopause-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Improving Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Adherence Among Pregnant Women: Validation Study.JMIR human factors · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPregnant women have an increased risk of urinary incontinence (UI), affecting their quality of life (QoL). This study aims to determine UI and its relationship with QoL among incontinent pregnant women.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional study in a semi-urban primary care clinic in Selangor, Malaysia, among pregnant women aged 18 years old and above. The validated study instruments consisted of questions on socio-demography, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-UI Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) to determine UI and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Quality of Life Module (ICIQ-LUTSQoL) to assess their QoL. A generalised linear model was used to determine the association between the continent and incontinent pregnant women with QoL.
resultsOf the approached 610 respondents, 440 consented to participate in the study, resulting in a response rate of 72.1%. The mean age was 29.8 years old (SD 4.69) with 82.2% (n = 148) having stress UI. Significant independent factors related to the decreased QoL were mid to late trimester (OR 3.06, 95% CI 1.48-6.32), stress UI, (OR 6.94, 95%CI 4.00-12.04) and urge UI (OR3.87, 95%CI 0.48-31.28). Non-Malay improved QoL (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.16-0.52).
conclusionsAll types of UI significantly affecting pregnant women's QoL. This information is useful in enhancing antenatal management at the primary care level, whereby they should be screened for UI and provided with effective early intervention to improve their QoL.
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Registered trials
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