ArticleViruses2021
Treatment with the Immunomodulator AIC649 in Combination with Entecavir Produces Antiviral Efficacy in the Woodchuck Model of Chronic Hepatitis B.
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Innate immune recognition and evasion strategies of hepatitis B virus: from DNA to RNA and viral proteins.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advancing ORFV-Based Therapeutics to the Clinical Stage.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Review
- Current status and challenges of therapeutic targets, novel drugs and delivery systems for hepatitis B: how far to our goal?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Review
- A Hybrid Soluble gp130/Spike-Nanobody Fusion Protein Simultaneously Blocks Interleukin-6Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Toll-Like Receptor 7 Agonist RG7854 Mediates Therapeutic Efficacy and Seroconversion in Woodchucks With Chronic Hepatitis B.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Review
- Toll-Like Receptor Response to Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Potential of TLR Agonists as Immunomodulators for Treating Chronic Hepatitis B: An Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- Involvement of Innate Immune Receptors in the Resolution of Acute Hepatitis B in Woodchucks.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Agonistic Activation of Cytosolic DNA Sensing Receptors in Woodchuck Hepatocyte Cultures and Liver for Inducing Antiviral Effects.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As current interventions for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) rarely induce cure, more effective drugs are needed. Short-term treatment of woodchucks with the novel immunomodulator AIC649, a parapoxvirus-based stimulator of toll-like receptor 9 dependent and independent pathways, has been shown to reduce viral DNA and surface antigen via a unique, biphasic response pattern. The present study evaluated long-term AIC649 treatment in combination with Entecavir for potency and safety in woodchucks. AIC649 monotreatment induced modest reductions in serum viral DNA and surface and e antigens that were associated with the same biphasic response pattern previously observed. Entecavir monotreatment reduced transiently viremia but not antigenemia, while AIC649/Entecavir combination treatment mediated superior viral control. Undetectability of viral antigens and elicitation of antibodies in AIC649/Entecavir-treated woodchucks correlated with the expression of interferons and suppression of viral replication in liver. Combination treatment was well tolerated, and liver enzyme elevations were minor and transient. It was concluded that the AIC649-mediated effects were most likely based on an improvement and/or reconstitution of antiviral immune responses that are typically deficient in CHB. As a combination partner to Entecavir, the antiviral efficacy of AIC649 was markedly enhanced. This preclinical study supports future evaluation of AIC649 for treatment of human CHB.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.