ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Women's Depressive Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Pregnancy.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Women's mental health and COVID-19: increased vulnerability and inequalities.Frontiers in global women's health · 2024Pooled it
- Parental experiences with changes in maternity care during the Covid-19 pandemic: A mixed-studies systematic review.Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives · 2023Pooled it
- The prevalence of mental ill-health in women during pregnancy and after childbirth during the Covid-19 pandemic: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Pooled it
- The role of prenatal stress and maternal trauma responses in predicting children's mental health during war.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Converging crises and maternal and child health: colonialism, extreme weather, and COVID-19.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Predictors of COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Pregnancy Stress: Prenatal and Postpartum Experiences in Canada.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Antenatal Depression Risk Among Urban Women Seeking Antenatal Clinical Care at a District Hospital in Ghana.Nursing open · 2024Article
- When pregnancy and pandemic coincide: changes in stress and anxiety over the course of pregnancy.Journal of reproductive and infant psychology · 2024Article
- Association of Pregnant Women's Perinatal Depression with Sociodemographic, Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors and Perinatal and Postnatal Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of prenatal depression in pregnant Korean women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.Korean journal of women health nursing · 2023Article
- Risk Factors for Severe-Critical COVID-19 in Pregnant Women.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Perinatal depression before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City.AJOG global reports · 2023Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental health, early childhood development, and parental practices: a global scoping review.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Article
- A propensity score matching study: The prevalence of mental health problems among pregnant women at first antenatal care increased in Chongqing during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Development and psychometric properties of the Pandemic-Related Postpartum Stress Scale (PREPS-PP).Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology · 2022Article
- Common model of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in pregnant women from seven high-income Western countries at the COVID-19 pandemic onset.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Article
- Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect Labor-Related Anxiety and Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in Pregnant Women?Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on birth satisfaction in a prospective cohort of 2,341 U.S. women.Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives · 2022Article
- A Cross-Sectional Study Examining the Association between Physical Activity and Perinatal Depression.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has multiple ramifications for pregnant women. Untreated depression during pregnancy may have long-term effects on the mother and offspring. Therefore, delineating the effects of pregnancy on the mental health of reproductive-age women is crucial. This study aims to determine the risk for depressive symptoms in pregnant and non-pregnant women during COVID-19, and to identify its bio-psycho-social contributors. A total of 1114 pregnant and 256 non-pregnant women were recruited via social media in May 2020 to complete an online survey that included depression and anxiety questionnaires, as well as demographic, obstetric and COVID-19-related questionnaires. Pregnant women also completed the Pandemic-Related Pregnancy Stress Scale (PREPS). Pregnant women reported fewer depressive symptoms and were less concerned that they had COVID-19 than non-pregnant women. Among pregnant women, risk factors for depression included lower income, fewer children, unemployment, thinking that one has COVID-19, high-risk pregnancy, earlier gestational age, and increased pregnancy-related stress. Protective factors included increased partner support, healthy behaviors, and positive appraisal of the pregnancy. Thus, being pregnant is associated with reduced risk for depressive symptoms during the pandemic. Increased social support, engaging in health behaviors and positive appraisal may enhance resilience. Future studies of pregnant versus non-pregnant women could clarify the role of pregnancy during stressful events, and clarify aspects of susceptibility and resilience during pregnancy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.