ReviewCells2021
Obesity as a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19 and Complications: A Review.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Organokines in COVID-19: A Systematic Review.Cells · 2023Pooled it
- Factors influencing immunogenicity and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in liver transplantation recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Impact of premature mortality attributable to obesity on years of life lost in Brazil.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Development and External Validation of a Prediction Model for Hypoxemia After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients with Obesity: a Multicenter Retrospective Study.Obesity surgery · 2026Article
- Observational
- Effects of resistance training and aerobic training on improving the composition of middle-aged adults with obesity in an interventional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Obesity and COVID-19: Pathophysiological Insights and Pulmonary Complications in a Retrospective Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Hospital Utilization in Ambulatory Patients With COVID-19 With History of Tobacco Use.AJPM focus · 2025Article
- Article
- Observational
- A Narrative Review of Key Risk Factors for Severe Illness Following SARS-CoV-2, Influenza Virus, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Review
- Results of the Cologne Corona Surveillance (CoCoS) project - a cross-sectional study: Survey data on nonadherence to recommended individual behaviours for SARS-CoV-2 pandemic containment.German medical science : GMS e-journal · 2025Article
- Free Flap Outcomes for Head and Neck Surgery in Patients with COVID-19.The Laryngoscope · 2024Article
- Impact of Age and Comorbid Conditions on Incidence Rates of COVID-19-Associated Hospitalizations, 2020-2021.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Upregulation of inflammatory genes and pathways links obesity to severe COVID-19.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2024Article
- Increased incidence of the type 1 diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis severity in children during COVID-19 pandemic.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- [Correlations of obesity and elevated interleukin-6 levels with length of stay in COVID-19 patients in Korea: a retrospective study].Journal of Korean biological nursing science · 2024Article
- Neurodevelopmental Programming of Adiposity: Contributions to Obesity Risk.Endocrine reviews · 2024Review
- Comparing adults with severe SARS-CoV-2 or influenza infection: South Africa, 2016-2021.Southern African journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Emerging data suggest that obesity is a major risk factor for the progression of major complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cytokine storm and coagulopathy in COVID-19. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the link between obesity and disease severity as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for the development of new therapeutic interventions and preventive measures in this high-risk group. We propose that multiple features of obesity contribute to the prevalence of severe COVID-19 and complications. First, viral entry can be facilitated by the upregulation of viral entry receptors, like angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), among others. Second, obesity-induced chronic inflammation and disruptions of insulin and leptin signaling can result in impaired viral clearance and a disproportionate or hyper-inflammatory response, which together with elevated ferritin levels can be a direct cause for ARDS and cytokine storm. Third, the negative consequences of obesity on blood coagulation can contribute to the progression of thrombus formation and hemorrhage. In this review we first summarize clinical findings on the relationship between obesity and COVID-19 disease severity and then further discuss potential mechanisms that could explain the risk for major complications in patients suffering from obesity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.